Groundwater is the only source of water for domestic as well as agricultural purposes in the sand aquifer in between sea and lagoon configuration typically found in the eastern Sri Lanka. This study was carried out to estimate the safe yield and assess the vulnerability of the sandy aquifer on the eastern coastal belt of Sri Lanka by rapid urbanization, agriculture and as well as climate change...

forward osmosis (fo) has recently drawn attention as a promising membrane based method for seawater and brackish water desalination. in this study, we focus on the use of calciun chloride (cacl2) and potassium bicarbonate (khco3) as inorganic salt draw solution candidates due to their appropriate performance in water flux and reverse salt diffusion as well as reasonable cost. the experiments we...

and highly successful decapod group, their osmoregulatory capability has been studied mainly from the whole-animal perspective, and little information is available concerning their physiological mechanisms of osmotic and ionic regulation. Like the diadromous crabs that migrate between sea water and fresh water during their life cycle, the hololimnetic Brachyura also maintain large, outwardly di...

The performance of commercial composite reverse osmosis membranes has been continuously improving, since its introduction in the late seventies. An additional significant improvement of membrane performance has been achieved at the beginning of 1995, when new composite polyamide brackish water RO membrane technology has been introduced. The new membrane material is characterized by a very high ...

Salinized lake basins have distinctive sedimentary response characteristics, similar to marine shallow-water carbonate platforms. High-frequency cycles can also be used reveal more sedimentological information, such as relative lake-level fluctuations, lithofacies sequence combinations, and paleogeographic evolution. In this article, a comprehensive study on the stratigraphic shelf delineation ...

Definitions and forms of salinity All natural waters contain soluble salts. The concentration of the salts determines whether the water is of high quality (drinkable or usable for irrigation without need for special precautions) or of low quality (brackish or saline). Water in the soil also contains soluble salts (sometimes called free or nonattached salts). The amount of salts in the root zone...

Plant growth and yields are decreased by salinity, drought and other environmental stress conditions. Soil salinization is one of man’s oldest environmental disasters. The historic records show that many human civilizations declined because of the destruction of crop production by salinization of arable lands. Recent estimates suggest that about 20-25% of the world’s irrigated land is destroyed...

Geologic and allozyme evidence suggests that threespine sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus complex) in low-lying southwestern British Columbia lakes were founded during two incursions of marine sticklebacks after the retreat of the Pleistocene glaciers (the double-invasion hypothesis). We used the salinity tolerance of embryos, measured as hatchability in salt water, to establish the relative...

of the Territorial Board of Agriculture and Forestry and the University of Hawaii. Manuscript received February 28, 1947. 2 The author completed most of the work on this paper while on the Department of Botany staff, University of Hawaii, and finished the manuscript at the University of California, Berkeley, with the aid of the excellent algal herbarium (cited as U. C. Herb.) and library at the...

Coastal lands around Bay of Bengal in Central Godavari Delta are mainly agriculture fields and two times annually paddy crops putting in the study area. Canals of Godavari River are the main source of water for irrigation. Geophysical and geochemical investigations were carried out in the study area to decipher subsurface geologic formation and assessing seawater intrusion. Electrical resistivi...