ES-62 is a phosphorylcholine (PC)-containing glycoprotein secreted by the rodent filarial nematode Acanthocheilonema viteae which is able to inhibit antigen receptor-stimulated proliferation of B and T lymphocytes in vitro and in vivo. The active component of ES-62 appears to be PC, as the results obtained with ES-62 are broadly mimicked by PC conjugated to bovine serum albumin or PC alone. Suc...

background: toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite that infects all mammalian cells. several antigens such as excreted/secreted antigens have been identified as a potential vaccine candidate. objective: to determine how excreted/secreted antigens from peritoneal exudates of infected mice (mesa) stimulate cell-mediated immune responses and induce protective immunity against toxo...

in this study, a crude leishmanial antigen, was prepared by sonicating leishmania major promastigotes used to induce immunity in balb/c mice against cutaneous leishmaniasis. correlation between the route of antigen injection and the efficacy of induced protection was examined. to enhance the effectiveness of the antigen, an immunostimulant drug, daraprim (pyrimethamine), was administered simult...

A number of recent studies have suggested that the main functional role of the product of the immune response (Ir) genes is in the process of antigen recognition by the T lymphocyte. The observation in the accompanying report that the interaction of macrophage-associated antigen with immune T lymphocytes requires that both cells share histocompatibility antigens raised the question as to whethe...

Four highly purified synthetic peptides encompassing segments of the 68-86 region [for the numbering system used, see Eylar, E.H., Brostoff, S., Hashim, G., Caccam, J. & Burnett, P. (1971) J. Biol. Chem. 246, 5770-5784] of myelin basic protein (MBP), a region known to induce experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) in Lewis rats, were used to define and compare structure-function relations...

Lymphocytes that were activated by various means (recovered from an in vivo allograft site, sensitized in mixed lymphocyte culture, or stimulated by Con A in vitro), were extremely motile in vitro when compared to unsensitized lymph node lymphocytes. Allosensitized lymphocytes generated in vitro and in vivo (harvested on days of peak cell-mediated cytotoxicity) were more motile than Con A-activ...

Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus uberis delay apoptosis of bovine mammary gland lymphocytes following intramammary infusion and in in vitro studies with lymphocyte-bacteria ratio 1:1. In this study, we investigated the effect of different lymphocyte-bacteria ratios on apoptosis of bovine mammary gland lymphocytes in vitro. We found out that lymphocyte-bacteria (S. aureus or S. uberis) ra...

The possibility of breeding or genetically engineering cattle for resistance to disease has tremendous potential for increasing the efficiency of milk and meat production. In cattle and other species, major genes that control humoral and cellular immune responses to a variety of antigens have been mapped to a chromosomal region known as the major histocompatibility complex. However, resistance ...

Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) infection is widespread and causes a variety of diseases. Although similar in many respects to the human immune response to human herpesvirus 1, the differences in the bovine virus proteins, immune system components and strategies, physiology, and lifestyle mean the bovine immune response to BHV-1 is unique. The innate immune system initially responds to infection, ...