BACKGROUND Most reports in the literature on botulinum toxin A (BoNTA) therapy for neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) are based on the results of a single injection. Because most patients may require retreatment, the efficacy and safety of multiple injections must be addressed clearly. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effectiveness and safety of BoNTA intradetrusorial injections in a group of...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a single intra detrusor injection of BoNTA comparing two different doses (100 U or 200 U) in patients with idiopathic overactive bladder. MATERIALS AND METHODS A randomized prospective study evaluated the efficacy of BoNTA in management of refractory idiopathic overactive bladder and included 80 patients. All patients were assessed initially by...

Optimization of a serotype-selective, small-molecule inhibitor of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A (BoNTA) endopeptidase is a formidable challenge because the enzyme-substrate interface is unusually large and the endopeptidase itself is a large, zinc-binding protein with a complex fold that is difficult to simulate computationally. We conducted multiple molecular dynamics simulations of the endo...

OBJECTIVE The adverse events (AEs) with botulinum toxin type-A (BoNTA), used for indications other than spasticity, are widely reported in the literature. However, the site, dose, and frequency of injections are different for spasticity when compared to the treatment for other conditions and hence the AEs may be different as well. The objective of this study was to summarize the AEs reported in...

In the early 21st century, members of the medical community have been both witnesses to and participants in significant changes in the field of aesthetic surgery and medicine, including nonsurgical facial rejuvenation. Although some of dermal fillers were available prior to 2000, their indications were primarily therapeutic. Now, various categories of dermal fillers exist, including hyaluronic ...

BACKGROUND Treatment options for overactive bladder (OAB) with urinary urge incontinence (UUI) refractory to oral antimuscarinics include: botulinum toxin type A (BoNTA), sacral neuromodulation (SNM), and augmentation cystoplasty (AC). A standard treatment success metric that can be used in both clinical and economic evaluations of the above interventions has not emerged. Our objective was to c...

BACKGROUND Since the first comprehensive description of the physiologic effects of botulism toxicity in the 1820s, specific formulations of botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT-A) have been developed. Now, a new botulinum neurotoxin type A formulation (BoNTA-ABO; Dysport [abobotulinumtoxinA]; Medicis Aesthetics, Scottsdale, AZ) has been made available in the United States and these same physiologi...

BACKGROUND Improved walking is one of the highest priorities in people living with stroke. Post-stroke lower limb spasticity (PSLLS) impedes walking and quality of life (QOL). The understanding of the evidence of improved walking and QOL following botulinum toxin (BoNTA) injection is not clear. We performed a systematic review of the randomized control trials (RCT) to evaluate the effectiveness...

The Rockefeller University Press $30.00 J. Cell Biol. Vol. 205 No. 2 217–232 www.jcb.org/cgi/doi/10.1083/jcb.201311003 JCB 217 Correspondence to Stephanie L. Gupton: [email protected] Abbreviations used in this paper: ANOVA, analysis of variance; BoNTA, botulinum toxin A; CC, coiled coil; CMV, cytomegalovirus; DCC, deleted in colorectal cancer; DIC, differential interference contrast; LD, l...

However, there has been a great debate in the literature about the efficacy of different treatment interventions for offenders and the ability of these treatments to decrease recidivism rates. In the 1950s and 1960s there was some evidence that treating offenders worked (Bailey, 1966; Logan, 1972). However in 1974, Martinson conducted a review of 230 treatment studies and concluded that nothing...