background: this study describes the possibility of implementing three-dimensional printing technology to create a precise construction of a planned bolus, based on computed tomography information stored in the digital imaging and communications in medicine (dicom) format file. materials and methods:  to create the bolus with a 3d printer, we converted data in the dicom format to the stereolith...

What is the impact of calculator use on the acquisition of arithmetic facts? Some, but not all, prior research reports that mental practice promotes better subsequent performance than calculator practice (i.e., the generation effect). Is answer production faster and more accurate on a test after practice with versus without a calculator? If so, to what extent does mental practice promote retent...

Background: In general, radiotherapy treatment planning is performed using the virtual bolus. It is necessary to investigate physical bolus in comparison to virtual one. Objectives: In the present study, first, radiological properties of superflab Gel bolus and Paraffin wax bolus was investigated in terms of their relative electron density. Then, dosimetric performance of both the bolus (...

This paper presents the Metric-Frequency Calculator (MF Calculator), an online application to analyze similarity. The MF Calculator implements the MF similarity algorithm developed by Sales and Wakker (2009) for the quantitative assessment of similarity in ill-structured data sets. It is widely applicable as it can be used when there is little prior control of the variables to be observed, with...

BACKGROUND Glycemic control is important to patients' outcomes. However, the process of maintaining glycemic control is risk laden and labor intensive for nurses. OBJECTIVES To examine the effects of using a computerized insulin dose calculator to facilitate management of glycemic control for critically ill cardiac patients. METHODS A prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted wi...

Introduction: Today, radiotherapy combined with surgery in the treatment of parotid tumors widely are used specially for high grade parotid tumors. One of concern and challenge issue of radiotherapy is that the treatment of these tumors with irregular surface due to the presence of external ear and region of different physical electron density (air cavities, dense bone, soft t...

BACKGROUND A number of insulin infusion algorithms, with varying methods and effects, have been developed to guide the management of postoperative hyperglycemia in critically ill patients. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of insulin therapy algorithms on blood glucose levels in patients in critical care environments following cardiac surgery. INCLUSION CR...

Introduction: The received dose to the surface of tumor bed is one of the main issues in beast intraopeative radiotherapy (IORT). Totally, the administered dose to the surface is usually lower than that of radiotherapy reference point (distal end of tumor bed). Employing a buildup bolus can effectively increase the surface dose and therefore, eliminate such created cold points ...