PURPOSE Bloodstream infections related to use of catheters, particularly central-line catheters, are an important cause of patient morbidity, mortality, and increased health care costs. This study evaluated the efficacy of skin disinfection with chlorhexidine gluconate compared with povidone-iodine solution in preventing catheter-related bloodstream infection. DATA SOURCES Multiple computeriz...

We carried out an epidemiological study covering 2,365,067 patient days of hospitalization between 2000 and 2003. During this time, 413 Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections occurred. This corresponds to 15% of the 2,676 bloodstream infections observed during this period in the 31 hospitals in our region of France, which has 2.5 million inhabitants. The incidence of nosocomial S. aureus ...

BACKGROUND Bloodstream infections related to use of catheters are associated with increased morbidity and mortality rates, prolonged hospital lengths of stay, and increased medical costs. OBJECTIVES To compare the effectiveness of chlorhexidine-impregnated dressings with that of standard dressings in preventing catheter-related bloodstream infections. METHODS A total of 100 children were ra...

To determine the excess mortality attributable to hospital-acquired bloodstream infections, we applied the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) II classification to 34 critically ill patients with this complication. The study included primary bloodstream infections, defined by a positive blood culture at least three days after hospitalization, in the absence of any other appa...

OBJECTIVES Staphylococcus aureus or methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been an important pathogen causing bloodstream infections. Our study aimed to investigate the epidemiological and genetic diversity of clinical S. aureus isolates from patients with bloodstream infection in four hospitals of Shanghai from 2009 to 2011. METHODS A collection of S. aureus isolates causing ...

OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy of a chlorhexidine-impregnated dressing for prevention of central venous catheter-related colonization and catheter-related bloodstream infection using meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES Multiple computerized database searches supplemented by manual searches including relevant conference proceedings. STUDY SELECTION Randomized controlled trials evaluating the effic...

To the Editor: Until a few years ago, the most frequent microbiologi-cally documented cause of severe bloodstream infections among patients with hematologic malignancies was gram-positive bacteria (1). However , over the years, gram-negative bacteria have become the main infectious cause of death among patients with hematologic malignancies, and rates of different phenotypes associated with ant...

STUDY OBJECTIVE To evaluate the relationship between the adequacy of antimicrobial treatment for bloodstream infections and clinical outcomes among patients requiring ICU admission. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING A medical ICU (19 beds) and a surgical ICU (18 beds) from a university-affiliated urban teaching hospital. PATIENTS Between July 1997 and July 1999, 492 patients were p...

The selective sorting of Pb ions in bloodstream flow has been carried out via mixed chitosan nano-beads aqua-solution and then selectively sponge up the Pb ions by a chelating mechanism. To obtain an efficient chelating reaction and a chelating nanobead that can be attracted and separated from the bloodstream flow, a microfluidic component of a microchannel with electrodes has been designed and...

Mortality associated with nosocomial bloodstream infection is multifactorial. Source of infection, etiology, age, underlying disease, acute illness, and appropriateness of antimicrobial therapy all contribute to the final outcome. As such, estimates of mortality attributable to bloodstream infection may differ largely according to the presence or absence of risk factors in distinct patient popu...