Dra. Maria Lúcia Brito Ferreira – Rua Neto de Mendonça 230 / 802 52050-100 Recife PE Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] Angiostrongylus cantonensis, is a nematode in the Secernentea class, Strongylidae order, Metastrongylidæ superfamily and Angiostrongylidæ family, and is the most common cause of human eosinophilic meningitis worldwide. This parasite has rats and other mammals as definitive h...

Copyright © 2010 Frederick Furness Publishing 16 A focus on enzyme replacement therapies (ERT) for lysosomal storage diseases has led Shire Human Genetic Therapies, Inc (Shire HGT) to develop products for treating Fabry disease, Hunter syndrome, and type 1 Gaucher disease. These products are administered intravenously (IV) and are effective in treating the somatic symptoms of the disease. Devel...

During embryogenesis, vascular development is characterized by sequential steps of vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, and in some organs, barriergenesis. In the CNS, the bloodbrain barrier (BBB) is composed of tightly bound endothelial cells (ECs) which regulate the entry of blood-borne molecules and immune cells into the CNS. Perivascular astrocytes are known to regulate BBB permeability and quiesc...

Some regulatory aspects of neutral amino acid transport were investigated in isolated brain microvessels, an in vitro model of the blood-brain barrier. Preloading of the microvessels with glutamine stimulated the subsequent uptake of other neutral amino acids by way of the Na+-independent L system, but had no effect on the uptake of either basic or acidic amino acids. Moreover, this stimulation...

Despite decades of clinical trials for diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), patient survival does not exceed 10% at two years post-diagnosis. Lack of benefit from systemic chemotherapy may be attributed to an intact bloodbrain barrier (BBB). We aim to develop a theoretical model including relevant physicochemical properties in order to review whether applied chemotherapeutics are suitable f...

The arachnoid granulations or villi are not always present in lower mammals and even in human late prenatal fetus. They grow in number and size with advanced age, and thus it seems appropriate to regard them as safety-valves for the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to be prevented from its hypertension accompanied by the age and by the increasing volume of the brain. Using 2 macaque monkeys and 12 rat...

Regeneration in the central nervous system (CNS) is limited, and CNS damage often leads to cognitive impairment or permanent functional motor and sensory loss. Impaired regenerative capacity is multifactorial and includes inflammation, loss of the bloodbrain barrier, and alteration in the extracellular matrix (ECM). One of the main problems is the formation of a glial scar and the production of...

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor in adults, and the limited available treatment options have not meaningfully impacted patient survival in the past decades. Such poor outcomes can be at least partly attributed to the inability of most drugs tested to cross the blood-brain barrier and reach all areas of the glioma. The objectives of these studies were to visua...

It has been stated that hypercapnia increases the permeability of the bloodbrain barrier to several compounds, e.g., trypan blue,' sulphate2 and iodinated serum albumin."' The experiments just cited have shown that during hypercapnia more of the substance under study has passed from blood into the brain tissue than in control animals, but such an effect could have been due to the expansion of t...

A 41-year-old man was found unconscious at his home by a friend. He was immediately admitted to the hospital through the emergency department. At the emergency department he regained consciousness. He mentionned he had a few alcoholic beverages the night before but otherwise clinical history was negative. On physical examination swelling of the right orbital area was evident. Further clinical h...