Some epidemiological studies on blood pressure among children and adolescents have revealed that blood pressure levels in childhood are the strongest predictors of adult blood pressure levels. In the adult population, hypertension causes a two to threefold increase in an individual's risk of cardiovascular morbidity. Cardiovascular risk depends on blood pressure itself, coexistent risk factors ...

In pediatric age diagnosis of hypertension is defined using a statistical criterion, the limit being the 95th percentile of the distribution of the blood pressure values, according to gender, age and height [1]. Prehypertension is defined as blood pressure (BP) values consistently above or equal to the 90th percentile, but lower than the 95th [Table 1]. The “gold standard” method to measure BP ...

T he technique for measuring blood pressure (BP) was introduced into clinical medicine in 1896 and has survived largely unchanged for more than a century, despite being an inherently inaccurate technique that is fraught with many sources of error. To overcome the many shortcomings of the technique, international hypertension organizations have produced a daunting list of recommendations. These ...

Arterial hypertension continues to represent the leading cause of morbidity and mortality world-wide. Diagnosis and therapy of arterial hypertension require adequate blood pressure measurements. Blood pressure is affected by constitutional and environmental factors as well as the measurement procedure itself, inducing substantial uncertainty with regard to adequate diagnosis and control of arte...

This paper review the historical background of noninvasive blood pressure measurement methods with their accuracies achieved and explains the requirements for common national and international standards of accuracy. Also are shortly described the development of blood pressure measurement system and a method, named electronic palpation method (EP), suitable for the long-term measurement of heart...