Nicotine is the primary component in cigarettes that responsible for negative effects tobacco has on body. also addiction can develop from smoking. Tobacco primarily caused by nicotine, which another of tobacco. Aim: The effect nicotine rate at bones recover after being shattered still a topic ongoing debate. study bone repair and regeneration made great deal easier utilisation model known as d...

The effects of five levels of population density on various organs, the neuroendocrine system, skin function, skin blood perfusion, and blood parameters were studied in the hairless mouse. Skin barrier recovery was evaluated by measuring transepidermal water loss after tape stripping. Blood perfusion was measured by means of a laser Doppler imaging technique. The effect of a parasympathetic ner...

The blood flow teas measured continuously in the intact vortex vein of the anesthetized rabbit using an ultrasonic Doppler -flowmeter toith a frequency response of approximately 4 Hz. Blood flow correlated well ivith perfusion pressure (arterial pressure minus intraocular pressure). The intraocidar pressure was changed stepwise by perfusion from a saline reservoir, Tonometry teas performed tuit...

Details of the acquisition protocol can cause unwanted signal in the difference image that is unrelated to perfusion, for example magnetization transfer differences between label and control images. Patient motion can also contribute. Likewise, some true perfusion signal can be missed, for example the passage of non-labeled blood due to the restricted spatial extent of labeling. For the purpose...

Dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) MRI has become a useful technique for measuring perfusion in many applications. !e theoretical basis for perfusion quanti"cation is the central volume principle, which requires deconvolution of the measured arterial input and tissue concentration curves to derive a residue function (R) and mean blood perfusion. Deconvolution methods generally di#er in assumptions...

BACKGROUND The objective of the present study was to investigate sublingual microvascular blood flow and microcirculatory haemoglobin oxygen saturation (Smc(O(2))) during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) using constant systemic blood flow but different perfusion pressures achieved by phenylephrine administration. METHODS Fifteen patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting were enrolled in...

Displacement of the left ventricular diastolic pressure-dimension relationship (change in compliance) has been observed with alterations in coronary perfusion pressure. The relative contribution of coronary (myocardial) blood flow, as compared with the perfusion pressure at which flow occurs, was studied in 10 dogs during diastolic relaxation potassium arrest during cardiopulmonary bypass. The ...

A 68-year–old woman had been experiencing Raynaud symptom, palpitation of the heart, and short breath in walking stairs or slopes for 7 years. Recently, these symptoms had rapidly become worse. She admitted to our hospital. At that time, she was diagnosed with systemic scleroderma (limited scleroderma). Pulmonary hypertension was pointed out by echocardiography (estimated pulmonary artery press...

Brain perfusion computed tomography (CT) scanning was performed in a mongrel dog and a golden retriever that were diagnosed with third ventricular tumor and olfactory bulb tumor, respectively, by contrast-enhanced CT. The tumors were pathologically diagnosed as ependymoma and meningioma, respectively. Perfusion CT results revealed that the ependymoma in this study had a lower blood flow, higher...