Pulse oximeters are electrical devices used for measuring blood oxygen saturation and pulse rate. Since their conception they have gained widespread acceptance in the medical community. This paper primarily focuses on the theory behind pulse oximetry. Beginning with the Beer-Lambert s Law, which relates the intensity of light before and after an absorbing medium, manipulations are made so that ...

Aims: Today, due to the failure of non-surgical methods in the treatment of obesity, surgical procedures such as sleeve gastrocetomy are used. Similar to other invasive interventions, sleeve gastrectomy causes an imbalance in hemodynamic parameters. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of early mobilization on hemodynamic parameters in patients undergoing sleeve gastrectomy. Mater...

Background: Considering the susceptibility of preterm infants to disturbances of vital signs, this study was conducted to investigate the effects of using plastic covers on regulation of vital signs in preterm neonates.Methods: This randomized, cross-over, clinical trial was carried out on 80 preterm infants admitted to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Taleghani Hospital, Tabriz, Iran. Th...

A novel noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method was developed to determine in vivo blood oxygen saturation and its changes during motor cortex activation in small cerebral veins. Specifically, based on susceptibility measurements in the resting states, pial veins were found to have a mean oxygen saturation of Yrest=0.544+/-0.029 averaged over 14 vessels in 5 volunteers. During activ...

A quantitative estimate of cerebral blood oxygen saturation is of critical importance in the investigation of cerebrovascular disease because of the fact that it could potentially provide information on tissue viability in vivo. In the current study, a multi-echo gradient and spin echo magnetic resonance imaging sequence was used to acquire images from eight normal volunteer subjects. All image...

The effects of donitriptan on systemic arterial-jugular venous oxygen saturation difference were evaluated in pentobarbitone-anesthetized pigs. Oxygen and carbon dioxide partial pressures in systemic arterial and jugular venous blood as well as hemoglobin oxygen saturation were determined by conventional blood gas analysis. Vehicle (40% polyethyleneglycol in saline, n = 9) or donitriptan (0.01,...

Pulsed photoacoustic spectroscopy was used to measure blood oxygen saturation in vitro. An optical parametric oscillator laser system provided nanosecond excitation pulses over the wavelength range 740-1040 nm which were used to generate photoacoustic signals in a cuvette through which a saline suspension of red blood cells was circulated. The signal amplitude and the effective attenuation coef...