Improvements in obstetric care have certainly led to a decrease in the incidence of birth related spinal cord trauma but unfortunately it is still encountered from time to time. Its exact incidence is difficult to determine because the spinal cord is not routinely examined in all necropsies. Yates (1959) found evidence of distortional trauma to the cervical spine in 45% of perinatal necropsies....

Introduction Many preterm neonates require mechanical ventilation immediately after birth to facilitate lung aeration and gas exchange, and to trigger the cardiovascular transition [1]. Despite the necessity of resuscitation, the initiation of mechanical ventilation can cause brain injury in preterm neonates, particularly if delivered with injurious high tidal volumes [2,3]. Intrauterine inflam...

A (2.8 kg) 2-day-old female baby was brought to the hospital after delivery conducted by the local traditional healers. The baby was in sepsis with a perineal tear extending from the vagina/vestibule to the rectum running deep to the perineum about 2cms with devitalised tissues of peri-anal margin and vulva (Fig. 1). On careful evaluation of the history, delivery was assisted by pulling out the...

Background: Birth trauma usually occurs, particularly in long and difficult labour or fetal mal presentations. Although with advancements technology improved obstetric care liberal use of cesarean section deliveries, serious birth is decreasing worldwide. Appraisement common triggers the key ingredient for provision high quality prenatal & perinatal to reduce incidence severity trauma.Objec...

two most popular. The theory of birth injury has been a matter of controversy since it was first postulated by Stromeyer in I 838. Stromeyer believed that the sternomastoid was ruptured during labour, giving rise to the “ sternomastoid tumour,” which he felt was in reality a haematoma, leading to myositis with replacement by fibrous tissue. Stromeyer’s theory has been supported, fully or in par...

Perinatal brain injury frequently complicates preterm birth and leads to significant long-term morbidity. Cytokines and inflammatory cells are mediators in the common pathways associated with perinatal brain injury induced by a variety of insults, such as hypoxic-ischemic injury, reperfusion injury, toxin-mediated injury, and infection. This paper examines our current knowledge regarding cytoki...

It is well known that multiparas who had previously been delivered of newborns with obstetric brachial plexus palsy are at risk of having the same complication in subsequent deliveries. However, none of the studies in the literature have actually attempted to estimate how high is that risk. The aims of the current paper were to investigate obstetric brachial plexus injury in subsequent deliveri...

OBJECTIVES (1) To analyze the birth weight of obstetric brachial plexus injury (OBPI) patients requiring one or more reconstructive surgeries and (2) to analyze whether there is any difference in the severity of the injury, and the outcome of the surgery between the macrosomic and nonmacrosomic OBPI patients. STUDY DESIGN An observational cohort study was performed on 100 consecutive patients...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the association between maternal obesity and risk of three different degrees of severity of obstetric anal sphincter injury. METHODS The study population consisted of 436,482 primiparous women with singleton term vaginal cephalic births between 1998 and 2011 identified in the Swedish Medical Birth Registry. Women were grouped into six categories of BMI. BMI 18.5-24.9 was...

The objective of the present study was to examine the factors associated with the death of neonatal lambs. Postmortem autopsy data were collected from 3198 newborn lambs in the Sheep CRCs Information Nucleus Flock situated in various environments throughout southern Australia. The proportion dying by category from highest to lowest was starvation-mismothering (25%), stillbirth (21%), birth inju...