As the fossil fuels kept on depleting, intense research in developing hydrogen (H2) as the alternative fuel has been done to cater our tremendous demand for fuel. The potential of H2 as the ultimate clean fuel differs with the fossil fuel that releases significant amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the surrounding and leads to the global warming. The experimental work was carried out to study...

The pulp and paper industry has a great opportunity to take advantage of the experience about forestry and wood handling for production of renewable fuels, chemicals and materials. Residues from forestry, i.e., tops, branches and stubs, have great potential to become a raw material that can replace crude oil or natural gas in many applications. By constructing a gasification-based production fa...

This book contains the successful invited submissions [1–15] to a Special Issue of Energies on the subject area of “Biomass Chars: Elaboration, Characterization, and Applications”. The invited editors have decided to focus the Special Issue on the specific topic of biomass transformation and use. In fact, biomass can be converted to energy, biofuels, and bioproducts, via thermochemical conversi...

Biomass gasification is the process of converting biomass into a combustible gas suitable for use in boilers, engines, and turbines to produce combined cooling, heat, and power. This paper presents a detailed model of a biomass gasification system and designs a multigeneration energy system that uses the biomass gasification process for generating combined cooling, heat, and electricity. Energy...

Fuel cell-based hybrid cycles that include conventional power generators have been created to modify energy performance and output power. In the present paper, integrated biomass gasification (IBG)-molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC)-gas turbine (GT) and steam turbine (ST) combined power cycle is introduced as an innovative technique in terms of sustainable energy. In addition, biomass gasificati...

Recently, a growing interest has emerged on the development of new and efficient energy sources, due to the inevitable extinction of the nonrenewable energy reserves. One of these alternative sources which have a great potential and sustainability to meet up the energy demand is biomass energy. This significant energy source can be utilized with various energy conversion technologies, one of wh...

Biomass is recognized to be the major potential source for energy production. Gasification enables conversion of these materials into combustible gas, mechanical and electrical power, synthetic fuels, and chemicals. In the present study, a model developed by us in our earlier study is used for predicting the steady-state composition and rate of reaction profiles for the reduction zone of the do...

Bio-oil, a mixture of complex oxygenated hydrocarbons, is obtained through fast pyrolysis of solid biomass. As biomass is low in energy density and not easily transportable, a novel approach is to convert biomass to bio-oil, transport bio-oil to a centralized facility, gasify bio-oil to syngas, and upgrade syngas to transportation fuels and other high-value chemicals. In this study, a comprehen...

Biomass wastes produced from oil palm mills and plantations include empty fruit bunches (EFBs), shells, fibers, trunks, and oil palm fronds (OPF). EFBs and shells are partially utilized as boiler fuel while the rest of the biomass materials like OPF have not been utilized for energy generation. No previous study has been reported on gasification of oil palm fronds (OPF) biomass for the producti...

In this study, thermochemical biomass gasification was performed on a bench-scale fluidized-bed gasifier with steam and air as fluidizing and oxidizing agents. Distillers grains, a non-fermentable byproduct of ethanol production, were used as the biomass feedstock for the gasification. The goal was to investigate the effects of furnace temperature, steam to biomass ratio and equivalence ratio o...