Bioavailability of sediment-associated contaminants was assessed in parallel tests by means of a bivalve (Macoma nasuta) bioaccumulation assay and a novel in vitro digestive fluid extraction procedure. Digestive fluid was obtained from the deposit-feeding polychaete Arenicola brasiliensis and used to extract sediments from a U.S. Navy facility. Both the digestive fluid extraction and the bivalv...

Recent studies have shown that silver is no longer restricted to just being found in soil and natural waters. The metal and its various forms are used in medicine as nanoparticles for various applications. After assimilating and reviewing a considerable volume of literature, it can be safely stated that silver displays different extents of bioaccumulation depending on the ecosystem involved. Aq...

To be effective, decision-making frameworks require data from robust and reliable test methods. Using standard methods allows for more effective comparison between studies and application of data, and it reduces unnecessary duplication of efforts. Laboratory methods to assess the toxicity of sediment have been standardized and extensively used; however, procedures for measuring the bioaccumulat...

The aim of this research was to observe the effect of body size in micro algae as significant factor responsible to bioaccumulation of Pb. The research was conducted in Balai Budidaya Laut Hanura, South Lampung using micro algae Chlorella and Dunaliella, observing various Pb concentrations in culture medium and dry weight of micro algae to describe their tolerance and sensitivity levels. Pb con...

Trophic magnification factors (TMFs) are field-based measurements of the bioaccumulation behavior of chemicals in food-webs. TMFs can provide valuable insights into the bioaccumulation behavior of chemicals. However, bioaccumulation metrics such as TMF may be subject to considerable uncertainty as a consequence of systematic bias and the influence of confounding variables. This study seeks to i...

Evaluating the degree of metal exposure and bioaccumulation in estuarine organisms is important for understanding the fate of metals in estuarine food webs. We investigated the bioaccumulation of Hg, methylmercury (MeHg), Cd, Se, Pb, and As in common intertidal organisms across a watershed urbanization gradient of coastal marsh sites in New England to relate metal exposure and bioaccumulation i...

The effect of pH on the bioaccumulation of nickel (Ni) by plants is opposite when using a nutrient solution or a soil as a growing medium. This paradox can be understood if the pH effect on the bioaccumulation, on the chemical speciation in the soil solution, and on the binding to the soil of Ni are all taken into account. Using simple equations to describe the individual relationships, it is p...

Spatial patterns in mercury cycling and bioaccumulation at the landscape level in the Everglades were investigated by collecting and analyzing multimedia samples for mercury species and biogeochemical characteristics from 228 randomly located stations. Higher total mercury (THg) in environmental compartments (surface water, soil, flocculent detrital material (floc), and periphyton) generally oc...

Most laboratory assessments of toxicity and bioaccumulation of heavy metals have been concentrated on the accumulation of these metal ions when exposed singly to the test organisms. However, under the natural environmental settings, the metals are never present in isolation and may interact with each other, therefore justifying the need to study the influence of joint application of metals on a...

The metal bioaccumulation potential of selected macroalgae species at different pH ranges was study for usage as part of a possible secondary passive acid mine drainage (AMD) treatment technology in algae ponds. Two separate studies were conducted to determine the suitability of macroalgae for passive treatment when metabolic processes in macrophytes and microorganisms in constructed wetlands d...