Bifid mandibular condyle is an uncommon entity described in the literature as having a controversial etiology. Despite the absence of clinical symptomatology, the radiologist must be aware and should have some knowledge of this abnormality, as well its implications regarding functional and morphological changes. TMJ ankylosis is a disabling disease with involvement of the mandibular condyle, ar...

We herein demonstrate a case of a gastric-type duplication cyst of the pancreas with a bifid tail in a 1year-old girl, who presented as relapsing pancreatitis with pseudocyst formation. We reviewed the literature concerning pancreatic enteric duplication cysts with and without pancreatitis to search for causes of pancreatitis. The following new information was obtained: 1) The presence of a com...

Sternum is resistant to infections and thus infrequent site of osteomyelitis. Involvement of sternum by Mycobacterium tuberculosis is rare. We report case of 37-year-old male with isolated tuberculosis of the sternum, a 14-year-old girl with tuberculosis of the sternum and Potts spine and a 55-year-old male with tubercular sinus of the sternum, three different presentations of the same disease.

Secondary carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) can be caused by vascular anomalies usually involving persistent median artery, variations of the median nerve, and space-occupying lesions in the wrist and palm. High division of the median nerve proximal to the carpal tunnel (known as a bifid median nerve) is a median nerve anomaly with a reported incidence of 2.8% per wrist. The bifid median nerve is of...

Case summary Cranial ventral midline hernias, most often congenital, can be associated with other congenital abnormalities, such as sternal, diaphragmatic or cardiac malformations. A 4-year-old multiparous queen with a substernal hernia was admitted for evaluation of a mammary mass. During CT examination, a bifid sternum, the abdominal hernia containing the intestines, spleen, omentum, three fe...

PURPOSE To investigate the prevalence of bifid and trifid mandibular canals using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images, and to measure their length, diameter, and angle. MATERIALS AND METHODS CBCT images of 500 patients, involving 755 hemi-mandibles, were used for this study. The presence and type of bifid mandibular canal was evaluated according to a modified classification of Naitoh ...

The sternum bone lies at the ventral midline of the thorax where it provides a critical attachment for the pectoral muscles that allow the forelimbs to raise the body from the ground. Among tetrapods, sternum morphology is correlated with the mode of locomotion: Avians that fly have a ventral extension, or keel, on their sterna, which provides an increased area for flight muscle attachment. The...