This in vitro study compared the microleakage of Class V resin composite restorations at bevelled enamel/composite and dentin/composite interfaces following Er:YAG laser (pre-treatment modalities: laser-etching and/or acid-etching) or conventional preparation and acid-etch, in association with two resin composite formulations and their three-step adhesive system. Class V cavities with conventio...

I read with great interest this article describing a total aortic root and arch replacement in a patient with Loeys–Dietz syndrome (LDS) [1]. There is no doubt that this case was a monumental effort and a tribute to their cardiac surgical programme. There is already a sufficient body of literature validating valvesparing root replacements in children with connective tissue disorders [2–4], so t...

Dear Editor, We read with interest the recent article of Yavas on the tracheostomy in the intensive care unit.1 The authors treated 205 patients needing tracheostomy, 65.4% with surgical tracheostomy (ST) and 34.6% with percutaneous tracheostomy (PT). The authors, while performing PT, used two procedures: the Ciaglia percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy technique using multiple dilators and t...

In dark-adapted retinula cells of the locust, the miniature potentials or bumps have amplitudes of 3-7 mV when recorded in the dark-adapted state with bevelled electrodes at very low light levels. For a sample of N = 378 they had a mean amplitude of 4*55 mV and s.D. 1-59 mV. These are called dark-adapted bumps, and their distribution of amplitudes is presumably a component of the noise of the v...

Abstract Ex vivo confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) is an emerging technique that used for the rapid analysis of freshly excised tissue during Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS). Previous studies on fluorescence CLSM have shown 88% and 99% sensitivity specificity, respectively, diagnosing basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) vs. conventional histology. The fourth-generation Vivascope 2500 allows fr...

Abstract Introduction There is very little literature available on Persistent Genital Arousal Disorder (PGAD). Recent consensus definitions have emerged from the ISSWSH working group PGAD to expel myth that merely in minds of those who suffer it. Dr. Goldstein, et al published research and criteria for diagnosis, management this condition which can be a distressing one. Novel Non-Invasive treat...

Since the first Report and Order by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) authorized the unlicensed use of ultra wideband (UWB) which must meet the emission masks on February 14, 2002 [1], both industry and academia have paid much attention to R&D of commercial UWB systems. Among UWB system design, the UWB antenna is the key component. Recently, a considerable amount of researches have be...

EditorÐAs a result of the increased prevalence of nvCJD within the UK population, there has been concern about the theoretical risk of transfer of prions during tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. Disposable instruments were widely introduced in 2001, but concerns regarding the safety of these instruments led to the return to reusable instruments in England. In Scotland, the use of disposable equi...

Introduction The skin barrier function is a major challenge for delivery of drugs via the skin. Located in the outermost layer of the skin, the stratum corneum (SC) consists of dead cells embedded in lipid regions, only 10–20 µm thick, tough but flexible and elastic. Hypodermic needles penetrate the skin succesfully, but nerve rich tissue in the lower skin is penetrated which is simply painfull...

I N T R O D U C T I O N The minority carrier diffusion length is one of main parameters characterizing the quality of semiconductor materials. Therefore development of methods for diffusion length measurements and reconstruction of its spatial distribution is very important for the characterization of as-grown semiconductor materials and structures, characterization of technology processes and ...