Flip Chip Ball Grid Array (FCBGA) package has been introduced in recent years to address the needs in the microelectronic packaging industry for increasing performance and I/O density, which offers a cost effective solution with smaller form factor. Furthermore, Cu interconnects with low-k dielectric material were also introduced to reduce power consumption and further enhance device performanc...

Many studies in the 1970s and 1980s have examined the effects of the welfare system on individual behavior. All of these studies fail to appropriately consider low income housing assistance. Most studies have either ignored housing assistance or have implicitly assumed that there is no rationing in this program. This paper presents a simple model that measures the impact of rationing one public...

Background: Patient satisfaction is an important measure of health service and a key indicator the quality service. Studies focus on how to improve rather than patient satisfaction. This study was conducted identify patients’ with pharmaceutical package Health Insurance Corporation Khartoum State in Jabal-Awliya locality, Khartoum, Sudan. Me...

We consider a liquid type of a deteriorating item which is packaged by an outside supplier and is delivered to final customers by a distributor. Customers arrive according to a Poisson process and ask for an integer number of packages. Unsatisfied demands are backordered. The inventory is reviewed continuously and replenished from an external supplier with a positive deterministic lead time fol...

Public health related decisions often have to balance the cost of intervention strategies with the benefit of the reduction in disease burden. While the cost can often be inferred, forward modelling of the effect of different intervention options is complicated and disease specific. Here we introduce a package that is aimed to simplify this process. The package allows one to infer parameters us...

The realization of virtual prototyping of electronic packages depends on the capability and reliability of multiphysics modeling. This paper focuses on the methods and solutions of combined thermal and thermo-mechanical modeling. The package-level thermal behaviors for various kinds of packages are discussed first through the thermal simulation. The impact of internal package design on thermal ...

OBJECTIVE(S) To assess how willing people would be to join a voluntary health insurance scheme and to see how they respond to changes in the benefit package. We also examined willingness to cross-subsidise the poor. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SUBJECTS Two thousand two hundread and twenty four households comprising of 1,163 uninsured household heads asked about their willingness to pay fo...

BACKGROUND In 1995 the Committee of Enquiry into National Health Insurance (NHI) recommended that formally employed individuals and their employers be required to fund at least a minimum package of hospital cover for workers and their dependents. This has recently been echoed in a Department of Health policy paper on social health insurance. This research aims to define and cost a minimum packa...

A retrospective observational cohort study was conducted using Medicaid administrative claims data from four states in the United States (US) to analyze overall and state-specific compliance and completion rates for rotavirus (RV) vaccines. Compliance was based on an infant receiving the recommended number of doses each within the appropriate time frame, and completion was based on an infant re...