Correspondence: LaraFerrándiz,PhD,DermatologyUnit, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Avenue Dr Fedriani s/n, 41073 Seville, Spain ([email protected]). Author Contributions: Drs Ferrándiz and MorenoRamirez had full access to all the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. Acquisition of data: Ferrándiz, Ruizde-Casa...

Nowadays tunnel structural inspections are executed based on visual (human) inspections. This is a slow process, labor expensive and subjective, while requiring lane/rail shutdown during the inspection. ROBO-SPECT is an EC co-funded research project (FP7 ICT – 611145) that, driven by the tunnel inspection industry, adapts and integrates recent research results in intelligent control in robotics...

The Chamshir water conveyance tunnel (CWCT) with a length of 7.4 km and boring diameter of 5.3 m is excavated using a refurbished single shield TBM, initially designed to work in hard rock formations. This study focuses on engineering geological issues, which are important for checking the suitability of this machine and proposing required modifications for improving its performance in soft roc...

Successful application of a TBM in a project requires investigating both the ground conditions and the machine and backup system design features. Prediction of the machine performance is very important as it has a big effect on the duration of the project and the costs. In this respect, both penetration rate and advance rate must be estimated. Utilization factor, which depends on the type of op...

Taking as examples of South Gate tunnel project and Metro Line 2 crossing project in Xi’an, this paper analyses the dynamic response of motor vehicle and train loads acting on a tunnel structure .based on finite element model of three-dimensional dynamics. By comprehensive use of load numerical fixation method and analytic formula method, the vibrating load curves of motor vehicle and subway tr...

The present development situation of 3D and BIM based process model for tunnel design and construction methods has been studied. Tunnel design is generally done using traditional 2D drawing based working methods. As a basement for the research, the new specifications developed in Finland for national BIM requirements for infra sector were used. However, underground tunnels are not yet considere...

This paper presents the ROBO-SPECT European FP7 project, funded under the ICT-2013.2.2 programme on Robotics use cases & Accompanying measures. The main objective of the ROBO-SPECT system is to provide a robotized, faster and reliable alternative to manual tunnel structural inspection and assessment. Physical developments include the design and implementation of a multi-degree-offreedom (MDoF) ...

Taking the project of Hefei city plaza tunnel as an example, this paper takes the large-scale finite element calculation software of ABAQUS to set three dimensional calculations models to simulate the construction of underground tunnel, analyzing the displacement and stress dynamic response during the construction process. And the paper also carries out the comparison analysis of the field meas...

BACKGROUND Echinococcus granulosus is a cestode whose larval stage causes cystic echinococcosis in wild animals, livestock, and human. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to highlight the seroepidemiology of E. granulosus infection and surgical cases in the general population of Khorram Abad district, southwest of Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS Anti-E. granulosus antibodies were tested in 617 i...

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of project based learning model in improving 21st century skills. The research method uses a qualitative approach on literature. Sources obtained from various kinds reading materials such as books, articles, journals, and other sources used are relevant discussion. project-based is one models, where students more active process. Students will be gi...