The distribution and function of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase in the crab Pachygrapsus crassipes was investigated. Carbonic anhydrase was found in gill epithelial tissue but not in the haemolymph, muscle, heart, hepatopancreas or gonads of male crabs. Enzyme activity was completely inhibited in vitro by 2 x IO~M sodium acetazolamide (Diamox). Radiolabelled Diamox (2 x IO~M) in sea water was fo...

The effects of ambient pH on postmoult net fluxes of Ca, acidic/basic equivalents (H+, NH4+/OH2, HCO3), Na and Cl2, total body Ca, haemolymph pH and electrolyte status were assessed in the freshwater crayfish Procambarus clarkii (Girard). Variables were monitored for 5 days postmoult in acidic (pH5.2; H2SO4) or alkaline (pH9.2; KOH) artificial tap water (ATW) and compared with those in control ...

The cellular and humoral immune reactions in haemolymph of the wax moth Galleria mellonella larvae naturally injected by venom of ectoparasitic wasp Habrobracon hebetor were analyzed. A strong decline of phenoloxidase (PO) activity in the haemolymph and the number of haemocytes with PO activity of envenomated wax moth was observed. In addition, it has been shown that the rate of capsule melaniz...

background: antimicrobial peptides play a role as effectors substances in the immunity of vertebrate and inverte­brate hosts. in the current study, antimicrobial peptide was isolated from the haemolymph of the american cock­roach, periplaneta americana . methods: micrococcus luteus as gram-positive bacteria and escherichia coli as gram-negative bacteria were candi­date for injection. induction ...

The abalone Haliotis iris retains the ancestral gastropod arrangement of a pair of bipectinate gills (ctenidia). The gills share a single branchial chamber, are supplied from a common haemolymph sinus and effectively support the whole of oxygen uptake by the animal. Using chronic indwelling cannulae and pulsed Doppler probes, post-branchial haemolymph oxygen partial pressures (PaO2) and haemoly...

The studies on binding of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) with carrier proteins were carried out to establish the role of proteins in the transport of insecticides in insects. Sephadex G-200 column chromatography resolved haemolymph of adult male desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria into three major protein peaks. There was significant binding of gamma-HCH with first protein peak (F1). Two classes ...

Previous investigations of haemolymph sugar levels in honeybees have reported very different results, probably because different experimental conditions affected the activity levels of the animals. The present study investigated the dependence of haemolymph sugar levels in foraging honeybees on metabolic rate and whether the haemolymph sugar level is regulated. Free-flying foraging bees were tr...

The present study deals with the oral supplementation with (50, 100 and 150 ?g/ml) synergetic effect of potassium and magnesium chloride on the fat body glycogen, protein, total lipids and haemolymph trehalose, protein of fifth instar larvae of Bombyx mori L (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae). The observed parameters significantly increased in all the treated groups when compared with those of the corre...

-Different amylase enzymes were identified by analysis of digestive fluid and haemolymph in diapausing and nondiapausing strains of silkworm, Bombyx mori. The diapausing strain showed negligible digestive amylase activity at a pH range of 3-11, while the nondiapausing strain registered strikingly higher amylase activity at pH 9.2. Higher levels of undigested starch was found in the faecal matte...

The biochemical composition of haemolymph was studied during larval and pupal period in the mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori. The silkworm is normally reared at 25±1°C and 70±5 % RH and 31°C and 36°C constitute temperature stress conditions for the domesticated silkworm. When the larvae and pupae were exposed to selected higher temperatures, a significant decrease in the protein levels of haemoly...