Rust fungi (Basidiomycota, Pucciniales) are biotrophic plant pathogens which exhibit diverse complexities in their life cycles and host ranges. The completion of genome sequencing of a few rust fungi has revealed the occurrence of large genomes. Sequencing efforts for other rust fungi have been hampered by uncertainty concerning their genome sizes. Flow cytometry was recently applied to estimat...

Cantharellus pleurotoides sp. nov. (Cantharellaceae, Cantharellales, Basidiomycota) is described from the Pakaraima Mountains of Guyana, occurring in rainforests dominated by ectomycorrhizal Dicymbe spp. (Caesalpiniaceae). This fungus is singular among Cantharellus species described worldwide in possessing a pleurotoid basidioma. Macromorphological, micromorphological, and habitat data are prov...

Piriformospora indica (Hymenomycetes, Basidiomycota) is a newly described cultivable endophyte that colonizes roots. Inoculation with the fungus and application of fungal culture filtrate promotes plant growth and biomass production. Due to its ease of culture, this fungus provides a model organism for the study of beneficial plant-microbe interactions and a new tool for improving plant product...

In this new series of Fungal Biodiversity Profiles, the authors provide descriptions for ten taxa: Ilytheomyces uncinatus W. Rossi & M. Leonardi, sp. nov. (Ascomycota, Laboulbeniales) and several Basidiomycota: in family Entolomataceae Entoloma aurantioalpinum Armada, Vila, Bellanger, Noordel., Krisai Dima, E. nigroflavescens Noordel. nov., both from France; Inocybaceae Inocybe hebes Eyssart. B...

Root endophytic fungi are essential to the life cycle of orchids. Many them act as growth promoters host plant and mycorrhizal endophytes indispensable seed germination. This study aimed evaluate cultivable fungal richness five native orchids rupestrian grasslands (campos rupestres) in Serra do Cipó, Brazil. Healthy roots were sampled isolated, from which total DNA was extracted Internal Transc...

In most fungi, sexual reproduction is bipolar; that is, two alternate sets of genes at a single mating-type (MAT) locus determine two mating types. However, in the Basidiomycota, a unique (tetrapolar) reproductive system emerged in which sexual identity is governed by two unlinked MAT loci, each of which controls independent mechanisms of self/nonself recognition. Tetrapolar-to-bipolar transiti...