the concept of energy security has been changed into one of the key and controversial concepts in international relations and energy economy in the recent years. the literature of this concept has more developed in europe. because, european countries supply their major needs by imports. hence, russia as one of the main energy suppliers of europe :union: uses leveraging energy for closer to euro...

Geography Department, HumboldtUniversity Berlin, Berlin, Germany, Earth System Analysis, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), Potsdam, Germany, A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Development in Central and Eastern Europe (IAMO), Halle (Saale), Germany, Department of Forest and Wildli...

The interception of a maneuvering antisurface missile, as in ballistic missile defense and ship defense scenarios, is formulated as an imperfect information, zero-sum, pursuit-evasion game with a state constraint imposed on the evader. Assuming that the perfect informationversion of the gamedoes not yield a successful result for the defense, the solution of this game is in mixed strategies. The...

The idea of ballistic missile defense (BMD) is not new. It originally emerged in the early years of the Cold War as part of the overall strategic competition between the United States and the Soviet Union. The notion that ballistic missiles could be intercepted and destroyed in flight offered the prospect of a system of security based upon an “active defense” rather than the unnerving notion of...

Regional dimensions and trends in population aging: Russia/Eastern Europe Population aging is a global phenomenon and countries of Eastern European also experience rapid increase in the proportion of older people. The proportion of elderly people in the Eastern Europe is currently lower than in the European region as a whole. However this population aging is expected to continue over the next f...

This paper develops a framework to determine the performance or reliability of a complex system. We consider a case study in missile reliability that focuses on the assessment of a high fidelity launch vehicle intended to emulate a ballistic missile threat. In particular, we address the case of how to make a system assessment when there are limited full-system tests. We address the development ...