In this study, we examined an ammonium conductance in the mouse thick ascending limb cell line ST-1. Whole cell patch clamp was performed to measure currents evoked by NH4Cl in the presence of BaCl2, tetraethylammonium, and BAPTA Application of 20 mmol/L NH4Cl induced an inward current (-272 ± 79 pA, n = 9). In current-voltage (I-V) relationships, NH4Cl application caused the I-V curve to shift...

This study examines the effect of epinephrine, a known physiological inhibitor of insulin secretion, on the membrane potential of pancreatic islet cells from sulfonylurea receptor-1 (ABCC8)-null mice (Sur1KO), which lack functional ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels. These channels have been argued to be activated by catecholamines, but epinephrine effectively inhibits insulin secretion in both S...

We tested the hypothesis that activation of inwardly rectifying potassium (KIR) channels and Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase, two pathways that lead to hyperpolarization of vascular cells, contributes to both the onset and steady-state hyperemic response to exercise. We also determined whether after inhibiting these pathways nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandins (PGs) are involved in the hyperemic response. F...

Background and Objective: To assess the control release of bio-molluscicides (Crude Ferula asafoetida and their active component ferulic acid) loaded in alginates as binding matrix. Methodology: Sodium alginate, an anionic block copolymer of β-D-mannuronic acid and α-L-guluronic acid, is a readily available, non-toxic polysaccharide its property to form gel with divalent and multivalent cations...

Food additives are materials that added in the food and beverages which has function to influence quality form of food. Sodium cyclamate is one a commonly used as sweeteners beverages, but excessive continuous use can cause dangerous effects body. The purpose this study identify sodium content qualitatively determine density characteristics sold Pontianak city. method reseacrh descriptive non-e...

This paper describes the low temperature synthesis of belite (β-C2S) from silica fume. Mixtures of lime, BaCl2, and silica fume with the ratio of (Ca + Ba)/Si = 2 were hydrothermally treated in stainless steel capsule at 110-150°C for 2-5 hours, calcined at 600-700°C for 3 hours, and analyzed by FTIR, XRD, TGA/DTA, and SEM techniques. Dicalcium silicate hydrate (hillebrandite) was prepared by h...

Single crystalline BaTiO3 (BT) was prepared using TiCl4, BaCl2 and oxalic acid. The structure of the prepared nanocrystalline BT powders were a tetragonal perovskite according to XRD and HRTEM analysis. Annealing powder to 750C show that pure BT phase was formed according to XRD, TG, and FTIR spectroscopy. The TEM images of the prepared powder reveal spherical morphology of BT, while a finger t...