hypothyroidism is one of the problems that can cause severe growth and developmental defects in children and infants. by using anticonvulsive drugs (phenobarbital, carbamazepine, navalproate , and phenytoin), liver microsomal enzymes will be increased and will lead to hypothyroidism in infants because of increasing metabolism of t3, and t4 by liver. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the...

objective in this study, we investigated the changes of the serum levels of thyroidhormones including thyroxine (t4), triiodothyronine (t3), t3 resin uptake andthyroid stimulating hormone (tsh) in epileptic children during treatment withanti-epileptic drugs (aeds) including carbamazepine (cbz), primidone (prm),phenobarbital and valproic acid (vpa). materials and methods this study consisted of ...

flecainide has been known to cause torsades de pointes (tdp) in patients with structural heart disease and its mechanism has been attributed to use-dependency. we present a patient with flecainide-induced tdp in the absence of any other precipitating factors.this case highlights potential reverse use dependence associated with flecainide resulting in tdp.

despite the introduction of new antifungal agents, resistances to antifungal therapy continue to increase and outcome of invasive fungal infections treatment is frequently suboptimal. a large amount of the recent effort in antifungal drug discovery has focused on a limited set of targets with functions known or expected to be important for fungal viability and virulence. a variety of techniques...

pharmacists are healthcare professionals who practice in pharmacy, the field of health sciences focusing on safe and effective medication use. the role of pharmacist has shifted from the classical “lick, stick and pour” dispensary role, to being an integrated member of the health care team directly involved in patient care. but, in our country pharmacists are mainly engaged with manufacturing o...

a complicated and controversial subject in obstetrics i.e., toxemia of pregnancy is looked upon, both from an anesthesiological and obstetrical point of view. as pre-eclampsia and eclampsia involve immediate treatment and obstetric considerations, the choice between epidural and general anesthesia becomes necessary when cesarean section is contemplated. apart from the pathophysiology of the ves...

background: diminished libido and sexual dysfunction are unusually common among male epileptic patients. the most important etiologic factor may be antiepileptic drugs (aeds)-induced androgen deficiency. we compared reproductive hormone levels among men with epilepsy taking various aeds and normal controls. methods: subjects were 59 male epileptic patients who aged 24 ± 5 years. they had been r...

objective(s): anti-epileptic drugs (aeds) have the potential to affect fetal development throughout pregnancy. considering the broad therapeutic indications of pregabalin (pgb), its potential teratogenic effects and the levels of homocysteine have been studied.   materials and methods: timed-pregnant mice received one of three doses of pgb (20, 40 or 80 mg/kg/day) or the vehicle control during ...

objectives: psychotropic drug use in the elderly with chronic schizophrenia is an important issue in the field of psychiatry. the main goal of this study was to clarify the pattern of such drug use in these patients, in order to consider such therapy plan and focus on its cost attributing measures, for a more reasonable quality of care program. methods: in this descriptive study, participants i...

background: the challenge of antiepileptic drugs (aeds) management is to attain the best compromise between the desire to maximize seizure control and the need to keep side‑effects within tolerable limits for the individual patient. to reduce devastation in iranian epileptic patients, the aim of this study was to explore the overall outcome following aeds prescription. methods: a cross‑sectiona...