To subvert rice (Oryza sativa) host defenses, the devastating ascomycete fungus pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae produces a battery of effector molecules, including some with avirulence (AVR) activity, which are recognized by host resistance (R) proteins resulting in rapid and effective activation of innate immunity. To isolate novel avirulence genes from M. oryzae, we examined DNA polymorphisms of ...

BACKGROUND There are advantages to using homografts and autografts as aortic valve replacements, particularly in patients with infective endocarditis. To better define these advantages, we reviewed our 13-year experience with the surgical management of infective endocarditis involving the aortic valve and root. METHODS From 1986 through 1998, 81 adults with aortic valve endocarditis underwent...

In this paper, a new design method for fractional order model predictive control (FO-MPC) is introduced. The proposed FO-MPC synthesized the class of linear time invariant system and applied an automatic voltage regulator (AVR). main contribution to use as prediction model, whereas plant considered integer one. implemented using singularity function approach. A comparative study given with clas...

BACKGROUND We sought to define patient characteristics, outcomes, and associated risk factors after aortic valve replacement (AVR) in children. METHODS AND RESULTS Clinical records from children undergoing AVR from 1974 to 2004 at our institution were reviewed. Competing-risks methodology determined the time-related prevalence of 3 mutually exclusive end states: death, repeated replacement, a...

The avirulence gene AVR-Pita of Magnaporthe oryzae determines the efficacy of the resistance gene Pi-ta in rice. The structures of the AVR-Pita alleles in 39 US isolates of M. oryzae were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction. A series of allele-specific primers were developed from the AVR-Pita gene to examine the presence of AVR-Pita. Orthologous alleles of the AVR-Pita gene were amplified ...

OBJECTIVES Minimally invasive surgical approaches for aortic valve replacement (AVR) are growing in popularity in an attempt to decrease morbidity from conventional surgery. We have adopted a technique that divides only the manubrium and spares the body of the sternum. We sought to determine whether patients benefit from this less-invasive approach. METHODS We retrospectively analysed our pro...

This paper addresses the problem of Current Sharing (CS) and Average Voltage Regulation (AVR) in Direct (DC) microgrids composed several interconnected Distributed Generation Units (DGUs), power lines loads. To achieve control objectives (CS AVR), system is augmented with distributed integral actions. The existence equilibrium points for proved a distributed-based static state feedback architec...

This paper repots on the development of the Agent and Virtual Reality-based (AVR) a nontraditional course delivery system. The system allows creation of lectures in a virtual world that enhances the learning experience of students by creating interactive lectures and class discussions in 3-D with multimedia contents delivered through a low-bandwidth Internet connection. We have been evaluating ...

The angiotensin-vasopressin receptor (AVR) responds with equivalent affinities to angiotensin II (ANG II) and vasopressin and is coupled to adenylate cyclase and hence a V2-type vasopressin receptor. AVR maps to the Nalp6 locus and overlaps with the larger Nalp6/PYPAF5 reported to be a T cell/granulocyte-specific, cytoplasmic-specific proapoptotic protein, thus questioning the existence of AVR....