Infant rats were exposed to hypoxia. At different time periods after the hypoxic aggression the animals were subjected to a one-way active avoidance task consisting of 3 daily training sessions. Learning performance of hypoxic rats, expressed as the number of avoidances per 10 trials, was significantly decreased in all the sessions at posthypoxic day 35 (P < 0.001). The rate to which learning b...

We investigated the effects of cortisol administration (50 mg) on approach and avoidance tendencies in low and high trait avoidant healthy young men. Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were measured during a reaction time task, in which participants evaluated the emotional expression of photographs of happy and angry faces by making an approaching (flexion) or avoiding (extension) arm moveme...

The robot soccer game based complex motion control has been widely studied for the moving object capture and shooting. A position prediction algorithm based on global vision is introduced in order to improve the accuracy and robustness of the vision system for tracking moving objects, including a Kalmanfiter, a dynamic window and an obstacle avoidance strategy. This paper deals with the positon...

This paper examines the role of the human driver as the primary control element within the traditional driver-vehicle system. Lateral and longitudinal control tasks such as path-following, obstacle avoidance, and headway control are examples of steering and braking activities performed by the human driver. Physical limitations as well as various attributes that make the human driver unique and ...

Much of the early research in aversive learning concerned motivation and reinforcement in avoidance conditioning and related paradigms. When the field transitioned toward the focus on Pavlovian threat conditioning in isolation, this paved the way for the clear understanding of the psychological principles and neural and molecular mechanisms responsible for this type of learning and memory that ...

An obstacle avoidance approach is introduced that has dynamic active regions. The dynamic regions are adapted to the current speed of the robot and there are different active regions used, one for speed reduction and one of turning away from obstacles. The overall strategy of this approach is that the robot can drive with high speed which will be reduced in front of an obstacle in order to do a...

In this paper, we propose a novel type of serial robot with minimal actuation. The robot is a serial rigid structure consisting of multiple links connected by passive joints and of movable actuators. The novelty of this robot is that the actuators travel over the links to a given joint and adjust the relative angle between the two adjacent links. The joints passively preserve their angles until...

The hedonic principle-the desire to approach pleasure and avoid pain-is frequently presumed to be the fundamental principle upon which motivation is built. In the past few decades, researchers have enriched our understanding of how approaching pleasure and avoiding pain differ from each other. However, more recent empirical and theoretical work delineating the principles of motivation in humans...

objective: pediatric cancer is a life threating and challenge for family and it may affect adjustment and mental health of the family members. many factors such as harm avoidance and emotion regulation strategies may have a role in people&apos;s wellbeing when coping with stressful situations. the aim of the present study was to examine the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation strateg...

Results. Using an attentional allocation index (AAI) to compare performance of healthy young and older adults and to measure the flexibility of allocation of attention, results showed a tendency in older adults toward a decreased ability to flexibly allocate their attention between the two tasks, with small AAI values. The decreased ability to allocate attention in older adults was found to be ...