نتایج جستجو برای: avirulent pathogens

تعداد نتایج: 71282  

2014
Heidi M. Appel Shahina B. Maqbool Surabhi Raina Guru Jagadeeswaran Biswa R. Acharya John C. Hanley Kathryn P. Miller Leonard Hearnes A. Daniel Jones Ramesh Raina Jack C. Schultz

Plants use multiple interacting signaling systems to identify and respond to biotic stresses. Although it is often assumed that there is specificity in signaling responses to specific pests, this is rarely examined outside of the gene-for-gene relationships of plant-pathogen interactions. In this study, we first compared early events in gene expression and later events in metabolite profiles of...

Journal: :Plant physiology 2006
Tatiana E Mishina Jürgen Zeier

Upon localized attack by necrotizing pathogens, plants gradually develop increased resistance against subsequent infections at the whole-plant level, a phenomenon known as systemic acquired resistance (SAR). To identify genes involved in the establishment of SAR, we pursued a strategy that combined gene expression information from microarray data with pathological characterization of selected A...

2012
Andrew J. Love Chiara Geri Janet Laird Craig Carr Byung-Wook Yun Gary J. Loake Yasuomi Tada Ari Sadanandom Joel J. Milner

Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) encodes a multifunctional protein P6 that is required for translation of the 35S RNA and also acts as a suppressor of RNA silencing. Here we demonstrate that P6 additionally acts as a pathogenicity effector of an unique and novel type, modifying NPR1 (a key regulator of salicylic acid (SA)- and jasmonic acid (JA)-dependent signaling) and inhibiting SA-dependent d...

2012
Zhaohui Liu Zengcui Zhang Justin D. Faris Richard P. Oliver Robert Syme Megan C. McDonald Bruce A. McDonald Peter S. Solomon Shunwen Lu Weilin L. Shelver Steven Xu Timothy L. Friesen

The wheat pathogen Stagonospora nodorum produces multiple necrotrophic effectors (also called host-selective toxins) that promote disease by interacting with corresponding host sensitivity gene products. SnTox1 was the first necrotrophic effector identified in S. nodorum, and was shown to induce necrosis on wheat lines carrying Snn1. Here, we report the molecular cloning and validation of SnTox...

Journal: :Infection and immunity 2000
D L Clemens B Y Lee M A Horwitz

The intracellular human pathogens Legionella pneumophila and Mycobacterium tuberculosis reside in altered phagosomes that do not fuse with lysosomes and are only mildly acidified. The L. pneumophila phagosome exists completely outside the endolysosomal pathway, and the M. tuberculosis phagosome displays a maturational arrest at an early endosomal stage along this pathway. Rab5 plays a critical ...

Journal: :The American naturalist 2009
Aaron A King Sourya Shrestha Eric T Harvill Ottar N Bjørnstad

We seek to understand the conditions favoring the evolution of acute, highly transmissible infections. Most work on the life-history evolution of pathogens has focused on the transmission-virulence trade-off. Here we focus on a distinct trade-off that operates, even among avirulent pathogens, between a pathogen's speed of invasion and its ability to persist in a finite host population. Other au...

Journal: :PLoS ONE 2008
Steven E. Schutzer Linda R. K. Schlater Catherine M. Ronning David DeShazer Benjamin J. Luft John J. Dunn Jacques Ravel Claire M. Fraser-Liggett William C. Nierman

BACKGROUND Burkholderia mallei is an understudied biothreat agent responsible for glanders which can be lethal in humans and animals. Research with this pathogen has been hampered in part by constraints of Select Agent regulations for safety reasons. Whole genomic sequencing (WGS) is an apt approach to characterize newly discovered or poorly understood microbial pathogens. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIP...

Journal: :Current Biology 2014
Médéric Diard Mikael E. Sellin Tamas Dolowschiak Markus Arnoldini Martin Ackermann Wolf-Dietrich Hardt

Antibiotics are powerful therapeutics but are not equally effective against all cells in bacterial populations. Bacteria that express an antibiotic-tolerant phenotype ("persisters") can evade treatment [1]. Persisters can cause relapses of the infection after the end of the therapy [2]. It is still poorly understood whether persistence affects the evolution of bacterial virulence. During infect...

Journal: :PLoS Pathogens 2008
Sunny Shin Christopher L. Case Kristina A. Archer Catarina V. Nogueira Koichi S. Kobayashi Richard A. Flavell Craig R. Roy Dario S. Zamboni

The immune system must discriminate between pathogenic and nonpathogenic microbes in order to initiate an appropriate response. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) detect microbial components common to both pathogenic and nonpathogenic bacteria, whereas Nod-like receptors (NLRs) sense microbial components introduced into the host cytosol by the specialized secretion systems or pore-forming toxins of bac...

2017
María Pilar López-Gresa Purificación Lisón Laura Campos Ismael Rodrigo José Luis Rambla Antonio Granell Vicente Conejero José María Bellés

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by plants are secondary metabolites that mediate the plant interaction with pathogens and herbivores. These compounds may perform direct defensive functions, i.e., acting as antioxidant, antibacterial, or antifungal agents, or indirectly by signaling the activation of the plant's defensive responses. Using a non-targeted GC-MS metabolomics approach, we ...

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