In this study, satellite-based remote sensing techniques were developed for identifying smoke from forest fires. Both artificial neural networks (NN) and multithreshold techniques were explored for application with imagery from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) aboard NOAA satellites. The NN was designed such that it does not only classify a scene into smoke, cloud, or clear ...

The Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) provides a global, long-term, consistent time series of radiance data in several wavebands which are used for the retrieval of surface spectral reflectance, albedo and surface temperature. Long-term time series of such data products are necessary for studies addressing climate change, sea ice distribution and movement, and ice sheet coastal c...

A new multi-decade national-wide coarse-resolution data set of leaf area index (LAI) over the Republic of Kazakhstan has been developed based on data from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) and in situ measurements of vegetation structure. The Kazakhstan-wide LAI product has been retrieved using an algorithm based on a physical radiative transfer model establishing a relations...

A method for reducing the impact of noise in the 3.7 micron spectral channel in climate data records derived from coarse resolution (4 km) global measurements from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) data is presented. A dynamic size-varying median filter is applied to measurements guided by measured noise levels and scene temperatures for individual AVHRR sensors on historic N...

[1] This work evaluates whether continuity between Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) is achievable for monitoring phenological changes in Alaska. This work also evaluates whether NDVI can detect changes in start of the growing season (SOS) in this region. Six quadratic regressi...

In order to estimate the spatial covariance structure of sea surface temperature (SST) using advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data, autocorrelation induced by the sensor itself must be determined and then removed before the correlative properties of SST per se can be found. Sensor-induced autocorrelation arises from (1) partially redundant sampling and (2) a nonideal i...

AdvancedVery HighResolutionRadiometer (AVHRR) data have been extensively used for global land-cover classiŽ cation, but few studies have taken direct and full advantage of the multi-year properties of AVHRR data. This study focused on generating eVective classiŽ cation features from multi-year AVHRR data to improve classiŽ cation accuracy.Three types of features were derived from 12-year monthl...

SomeAVHRR® re detection studies have excluded pixels that exceeded an arbitrary scan angle. This exclusion seems to be based on the distortion of pixels at high scan angles and the well-documented e€ ects of scan angle on the Normalized Di€ erence Vegetation Index. However, excluding high scan angle pixels reduces the temporal resolution of an AVHRR ® re detection system, especially at high lat...

A simplified method for estimating the total amount of atmospheric water vapor, , over sea surfaces using NOAA-AVHRR Channels 4 and 5 is presented. This study has been carried out using simulated AVHRR data at 11 and 12 m (with MODTRAN 3.5 code and the TIGR database) and AVHRR, PODAAC, and AVISO databases provided by the Louis Pasteur University (Strasbourg-France), NASA-NOAA, and Météo France,...