background and aim: today, bilingualism is a developing phenomenon which half of the world population is bilingual. auditory system is the main route to language learning, so it is expected that bilingualism has an effect on functions of the auditory system. auditory memory is one of the auditory processes which is a cornerstone of linguistic skills and learning process growth, so that, it has ...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the characteristics of attention in school-age children with mild autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and to provide a basis for clinical treatment. METHODS A total of 20 school-age children with mild ASD were enrolled, and the intermediate visual and auditory continuous performance test (IVA-CPT) was used to assess their attention. A total of 20 children with attention d...

During the formation of neuronal circuits, axon pathfinding decisions specify the location of synapses on the correct brain side and in correct target areas. We investigated a possible link between axon midline crossing and the subsequent development of output synapses formed by these axons. Conditional knockout of Robo3 in the auditory system forced a large commissural synapse, the calyx of He...

OBJECTIVE To review new insights into the pathophysiology of sensorineural hearing impairment. Specifically, we address defects of the ribbon synapses between inner hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons that cause auditory synaptopathy. DATA SOURCES AND STUDY SELECTION Here, we review original publications on the genetics, animal models, and molecular mechanisms of hair cell ribbon synapses ...

The inner ear, which manages our senses of hearing and balance, has mechanosensitive hair cells, which convert vibration into electronic signal to depolarize auditory or vestibular neurons. Inner ear functions depend largely on hair cells, their associated neurons and cochlear lateral wall, and defects in these cells result in hearing loss and deafness. Although some investigations indicated ha...

Proper tissue development requires strict coordination of proliferation, growth, and differentiation. Strict coordination is particularly important for the auditory sensory epithelium, where deviations from the normal spatial and temporal pattern of auditory progenitor cell (prosensory cell) proliferation and differentiation result in abnormal cellular organization and, thus, auditory dysfuncti...

During the last three decades there have been numerous investigations revealing a consistent pattern of transneuronal changes of various portions of the central auditory nervous system which have been associated with either anatomical defects in the peripheral auditory apparatus (cochlear and/ or acoustic division of the VIII nerve), or with reduction of auditory stimulus to the cochlea (audito...

abstract   introduction: hearing impairment affects all aspect of individual life, especially auditory perception, while use of cochlear implant or hearing aids has been associated with appropriate effects in auditory performance. the aim of the present research was to comparing auditory perception in children with cochlear implant, hearing aids and normal hearing in tehran province. materials ...