There is increasing evidence indicating that the climate response to variations in the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) includes not only thermally forced zonal wind anomalies in the subtropics but also eddy-driven zonal wind anomalies that extend into the mid–high latitudes of both hemispheres. In this study, new insights into the observed seasonally varying signature of ENSO in the extratr...

We explore the consequences of an earlier phase-out of Ozone Depleting Substances, starting ten years before the Montreal Protocol. Atmospheric chemistry simulations verify the effectiveness of such an early-action scenario: stratospheric chlorine abundance remains below the level at which the ozone hole was discovered, even though countries are permanently allowed to continue using ODS to a no...

[1] Interannual variations of tropical convection impact atmospheric circulation and influence year-to-year variations of the transport of trace constituents in the troposphere. This study examines how two modes of convective variability, anomalous intensification and meridional displacement of centers of tropical convection, impact interhemispheric transport (IHT) interannual variability. Two ...

National Weather Service, National Centers for Environmental Prediction, National Hurricane Center, Miami, Florida; MuRiLLo— Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research, Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, Hurricane Research Division, Miami, Florida CoRREsPonDinG AUtHoR: Edward N. Rappaport, National Hurricane Center, 11691 SW 17th Street, Miami, FL 33165-2149 E-mail: edward.n....

This article analyzes global climate policy as the problem of transforming governance of the atmosphere from an open-access into a global commons regime. This involves several challenges. First, setting an atmospheric stabilization goal requires balancing risks of climate change and risks of mitigation. Second, limiting the atmospheric disposal space for carbon devalues fossil resources and cre...

Background: In recent years, Tehran has faced major problems with air pollution for many reasons, and this issue has become a critical point in most of the days. However, less attention has been paid to the indoor air pollutants in exercise centers and their possible health effects. In this research, it was tried to briefly describe the characteristics and chemical composition of the aerosols p...