BACKGROUND Hyperthyroidism relapse in Graves disease after antithyroid drug (ATD) withdrawal is common; however, measuring the thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAb) at ATD withdrawal in order to predict outcomes is controversial. This study compared measurement of thyroid stimulatory antibody (TSAb) and thyrotropin-binding inhibitory immunoglobulin (TBII) at ATD withdrawal to predict relapse. ...

At the time of an initial public offering, shares in a firm are typically held by venture capitalists, insiders, corporate investors, and angel investors. We examine the role of angel investors in the IPO process. We find that angel investors provide equity capital in industries that venture capitalists are less likely to serve and that shareholders in angel backed IPO firms are more likely to ...

We solve Conway’s Angel Problem by showing that the Angel of power 2 has a winning strategy. An old observation of Conway is that we may suppose without loss of generality that the Angel never jumps to a square where he could have already landed at a previous time. We turn this observation around and prove that we may suppose without loss of generality that the Devil never eats a square where t...

Autoimmune thyroid diseases (ATD), as the most common organ‑specific autoimmune disorder, is frequently accompanied by other organ- and nonorgan‑specific autoimmune diseases. Although the exact pathogenic mechanism of the coexistence of autoimmune disorders has not been clearly defined, genetic and environmental factors, immune defects, and hormonal changes, may play a key role in polyautoimmun...

BACKGROUND Serotonin, a key denominator of the brain-gut axis, is involved in the regulation of gastrointestinal motility, secretion, and perception as well as cognition and mood. AIM To assess the effects of an acutely lowered serotonin synthesis, using the acute tryptophan depletion (ATD) method, on visceral perception, affective memory performance, and mood in diarrhoea predominant irritab...

Antithyroid drugs (ATDs) have been shown to attenuate the effectiveness of radioiodine (radioiodine ablation, RIA) therapy in Graves' disease. We undertook a study to look at the impact of iodine uptakes on the outcome of (131)I therapy. To determine the effect of prior ATD use on the duration of time to achieve cure in patients with high vs intermediate uptake Graves' disease who received a fi...

CONTEXT Neutropenia secondary to antithyroid drug (ATD) therapy in Graves' disease (GD) is well recognized. However, the effect of hyperthyroidism, prior to and after ATD therapy, on neutrophil counts in patients with GD is unclear. OBJECTIVE To study the prevalence of neutropenia in newly diagnosed untreated GD and the effect of ATD on the neutrophil count. DESIGN Prospective study from Au...

The Hybrid III 50th percentile male anthropomorphic test device (ATD) is the most widely used human impact testing surrogate and has historically been used in automotive or military testing. More recently, this ATD is finding use in applications evaluating athletic helmet protectivity, quantifying head impact dosage and estimating injury risk. But ATD head-neck response has not been quantified ...

BACKGROUND Activation of the type I interferon (IFN) pathway has been implicated in the pathogenesis of systemic autoimmune disorders but its role in the pathogenesis of organ-specific autoimmunity is limited. We tested the hypothesis that endogenous expression of type I IFN functional activity contributes to the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD) and type I diabetes (T1DM). MET...

Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is known to play a role in a wide variety of functions including: mood, anxiety, sleep, aggression, sexual function and cognitive function. In the past decade, the sudden interest in acute amino acid depletion paradigms has stimulated the interest in studying the function of 5-HT in man in vivo. In particular, investigating the association of experimentally...