[1] In this study, scale interaction between synoptic eddies and low-frequency flow is investigated. The synoptic eddy feedback is a key process in sustaining the low-frequency flow. We show clear evidence using NCEP reanalysis data that there is a general underlying rule—the ‘‘left-hand rule’’, governing the synoptic eddy feedback onto low-frequency flow. This rule states that eddy-vorticity f...

The theoretical basis of classic geotechnical engineering stability problems is limit analyis thereom. Incremental loading finite elements and strength reduction finite elements were put forward by Zienkiewicz in 1975 and the methods are called by the authors Limit Analysis Finite Elements (abbreviation LAFE for short). It has been successfully applied to slope engineering, and used to bearing ...

In this paper, a family of multi-value cellular automaton (CA) associated with traffic flow is presented. The family is obtained by extending the rule–184 CA, which is an ultradiscrete analogue to the Burgers equation. CA models in the family show both metastable states and stop-and-go waves, which are often observed in real traffic flow. Metastable states in the models exist not only on a prom...

We have proposed diffusion-type flow control as a solution for the extremely time-sensitive flow control required for high-speed networks. In our method of flow control, we design in advance simple and appropriate rules for action at the nodes, and these automatically result in stable and efficient network-wide performance through local interactions between nodes. Specifically, we design the ru...

a rightcephalic vein cannulation was performed in a patienj scheduled/or elective craniectomy in order to keep a constant record ofthe intra-operative fluid volume. the flow ofthefluid through catheter was sluggish. the catheter was cautiously and gingerly withdrawn after an x...,.ay report con/innedknotting at the distal end. we believe that a chest radiograph is mandatory to rule out catheter...

Abstract Determination of earth pressures is one the fundamental tasks in geotechnical engineering. Although many different methods have been utilized to present passive pressure coefficients, influence non-associated plasticity on problem has not discussed intensively. In this study, finite-element limit analysis and displacement are applied for frictional materials. Results compared with sele...

We use the bailout embeddings of three-dimensional volume-preserving maps to study qualitatively the dynamics of small spherical neutrally buoyant impurities suspended in a time-periodic incompressible fluid flow. The accumulation of impurities in tubular vortical structures, the detachment of particles from fluid trajectories near hyperbolic invariant lines, and the formation of nontrivial thr...

We extend the bridging Partially-Averaged Navier-Stokes (PANS) equations model to variable-density flow and develop a scale-dependent closure for complex flows. This includes $a$ $p\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}r\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}i\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}o\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}r\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}i$ testing guidelines efficient selection of parameters controlling resolution (range resolved sc...

There have been many attempts to derive continuum models for dense granular flow, but a general theory is still lacking. Here, we start with Mohr-Coulomb plasticity for quasi-two-dimensional granular materials to calculate (average) stresses and slip planes, but we propose a "stochastic flow rule" (SFR) to replace the principle of coaxiality in classical plasticity. The SFR takes into account t...