Abstract The protective mechanism of nitric oxide (NO) in regulating tolerance to Cu-induced toxicity shoots barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) was studied. experiment consisted four treatments based on additions basal nutrient solutions (BNS): control (CTR), Cu (200 µM), SNP (500 and µM) + over a period 10 days. Treatment with significantly reduced seedling growth photosynthetic efficiency concomita...

The aim of the study was to monitor the effects of exogenous melatonin on cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) chloroplasts and explore the mechanisms through which it mitigates chilling stress. Under chilling stress, chloroplast structure was seriously damaged as a result of over-accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as evidenced by the high levels of superoxide anion (O2-) and hydrogen pero...

Physiological features were examined of a 20-year-old Vitis vinifera ‘Italia’ table grape vineyard cropped in Apulia, Italy. Healthy vines with no foliar symptoms and any indications wood or berry alterations, natural infections by Phaeoacremonium minimum (syn. P. aleophilum) Phaeomoniella chlamydospora showing brown streaking symptoms, naturally infected minimum, Fomitiporia mediterranea white...

To elucidate how physiological and biochemical mechanisms of chilling stress are regulated by abscisic acid (ABA) pretreatment, pepper variety (cv. 'P70') seedlings were pretreated with 0.57 mM ABA for 72 h and then subjected to chilling stress at 10°/6°C (day/night). Chilling stress caused severe necrotic lesions on the leaves and increased malondialdehyde and H(2)O(2) levels. Activities of mo...

Bangia fuscopurpurea is a widespread intertidal seaweed that commercially cultured in China. This frequently exposed to hyposalinity stress, but little known about the adaptation mechanisms. Ascorbate−glutathione (AsA−GSH) cycle plays important roles many organisms under variety of abiotic including hyposaline stress. In this study, we investigated response key metabolites and enzymes involved ...

Ultraviolet-B radiation acts as an environmental stimulus, but in high doses it has detrimental effects on plant metabolism. Plasma membranes represent a major target for Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) generated by this harmful radiation. Oxidative reactions occurring in the apoplastic space are counteracted by antioxidative systems mainly involving ascorbate and, to some extent, glutathione. Th...

Though there are undoubtedly multiple functions for glutathione yet to be appreciated we do know that glutathione is: • a co-factor for the glutathione peroxidases, which are crucial selenium-containing antioxidant enzymes. • a co-factor for glutathione S-transferases, enzymes which are involved in the detoxification of xenobiotics, including carcinogens. • involved in the regeneration of ascor...