the study aims to achieve research and testing of hypotheses survey techniques and questionnaires to collect information used. 61 questions in the questionnaire included 15 questions and 46 open questions according to research in the study population, girls and their mothers as the value of different children investment should be. mothers according to the research community benefits from havi...

according to coates’s (2004, as cited in zhang, 2010) definition of "conversational dominance" (p.111), it refers to the phenomenon of a speaker dominating others in interaction. specifically, it means how a speaker makes use of certain strategies to get the floor and maintain the floor. thus, the amount of talk is the main measurement for the dominance of the conversation. whether a speaker do...

the main purpose of this study was to investigate any relationship between high school efl teachers metaphorical understandings of their role in class and their self-efficacy beliefs. teachers metaphors were elicited through two different prompts: one picturing what they believed a language teacher should be like in class, and the other demonstrating what they are actually like in class; such...

recent years have witnessed an increased attention to form focused instruction and consciousness raising activities (ellis, 2002; doughty & williams, 1998) on the one hand and extensive and meaningful exposure to the target language (klapper & rees, 2003; day & bamford, 1998) on the other. due to significance attributed to above mentioned issues by scholars, this study attempted to bridge them ...

This article intends to research the categorization and separation of “handicraft of Iran” in relation to the “Westernism” and “Orientalism” discourses in the Qajar discursive atmosphere by discourse analysis method and answers the questions of how “Handicrafts” is categorized at this intersection in the Qajar period, and how did these applied works changed into functional objects in the servic...

the article has dug into working conditions, tax payment, and general circumstances of tailors and hat makers in sonqor & koliaiee region between 1924 -1926. in mid 19th century, and after extensive economic ties between iran and western europe, a new economic, social and political condition for iranian professions began to emerge. now we glance at the mentioned careers in western iran in a cas...

different researchers in different parts of the world have investigated the strategies used to translate written works ranging from novels to classroom assignments. however, by the significant increase in the number of postgraduate students in iran in the last few years, a very common kind of translation in iran includes translating abstracts of master’s theses. in this work, the researcher hav...