abstract background: stressors in the intensive care unit (icu) impair patients’ comfort, excite the stress response, and increase oxygen consumption in their body. non‑medical interventions are recommended by several studies as a treatment to improve comfort in the icu patients. sensory stimulation is one of the most important interventions. since arterial blood oxygen saturation is an importa...

BACKGROUND/AIMS The authors have previously reported that carbonic anhydrase inhibitors such as acetazolamide and dorzolamide raise optic nerve oxygen tension (ONPO(2)) in pigs. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether timolol, which belongs to another group of glaucoma drugs called beta blockers, has a similar effect. In addition, the effect of dorzolamide and timolol in com...

Background/aims: The authors have previously reported that carbonic anhydrase inhibitors such as acetazolamide and dorzolamide raise optic nerve oxygen tension (ONPO2) in pigs. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether timolol, which belongs to another group of glaucoma drugs called b blockers, has a similar effect. In addition, the effect of dorzolamide and timolol in combina...

oxygen is an essential part of the most important metabolic pathways in aerobic organisms. oxygen delivery is merely dependent on blood, rendering blood loss a devastating event. traumatic pre-hospital liver bleeding is a major cause of early trauma deaths in human and animals, with no established therapeutic method yet. increasing intra-abdominal pressure (iap) has been shown to reduce liver b...

Abstract Background Cough assist devices play an important role with patients in the intensive care unit (ICU), particularly those neuromuscular diseases which had abnormal muscle tone. It was previously thought to be main technique for improving cough efficacy, aids weaning from mechanical ventilation and improves patient outcomes. So, we selected randomly odd numbers Abo El-Reesh hospital rec...

this case study reports a rare variation of the superior laryngeal artery (sla), which is the principal arterial supply of the larynx. the knowledge of the arterial variations is essential for the surgeons to prevent blood loss and postoperative complications. during routine dissection of an adult male cadaver, a rare arterial variation in the sla was seen. in this case, the sla passed through ...