A new, simple method to obtain ultrathin polycationic monolayers on hydroxylated surfaces is described which uses a bifunctional copolymer comprising a reactive part (trimethoxysilane) and positive charges (quaternary ammonium salts) to confer antimicrobial properties.

BACKGROUND Novel mono N-alkyl quaternary ammonium salts (3a-f) were prepared using the Menschutkin reaction from the cage adamanzane type aminal 1,3,6,8-tetraazatricyclo[4.3.1.13,8]undecane (TATU) and alkyl iodides, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl and hexyl iodide (2a-f), in dry acetonitrile at room temperature. RESULTS The structures of these new quaternary ammonium salts were e...

Tertiary amines 3-(dialkylamino)-2-hydroxypropyl 4-[(alkoxycarbonyl)amino]benzoates and their quaternary ammonium salts were synthesized. The final step of synthesis of quaternary ammonium salts was carried out by microwave-assisted synthesis. Software-calculated data provided the background needed to compare fifteen new resulting compounds by their physicochemical properties. The acid dissocia...

Perchlorates are high melting point inorganic salts that are soluble in water. There are five perchlorate salts that are manufactured in substantial amounts: magnesium, potassium, ammonium, sodium, and lithium perchlorate. Perchlorates are powerful oxidizing agents and at elevated temperatures, they can react explosively. The production volume of ammonium perchlorate far outpaces the other salt...

Paper spray (PS) ambient ionization is implemented using a portable mass spectrometer and applied to the detection of alkyl quaternary ammonium salts in a complex oil matrix. These salts are commonly used as active components in the formulation of corrosion inhibitors. They were identified in oil and confirmed by their fragmentation patterns recorded using tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). The ...

Two biodegradable quaternary ammonium salts were synthesized and used as cationic collectors in processing iron ores by froth flotation. The flotation behaviors of iron minerals with the new biodegradable quaternary ammonium collectors were investigated by micro-flotation tests of quartz (SiO2) and magnetite (Fe3O4). It was observed that the new biodegradable collectors were effective in separa...

RATIONALE Because of the threat of bombings using improvised explosives containing ammonium nitrate (AN), law enforcement and intelligence communities have been interested in stable isotope techniques for tracking and discriminating AN sources. Separate analysis of the AN component ions ammonium and nitrate would add discriminatory power to these techniques. METHODS Ammonium ions in dissolved...

Using ammonium nitrate (AN) as a propellant oxidizer is limited due to its hygroscopicity. This review consolidated the available information of various issues pertaining to the coating methods of the surface modification of ammonium nitrate for reducing its hygroscopicity. Moreover this review summarizes the recent advances and issues involved in ammonium nitrate surface modification by physic...

The use of laser microprobe mass spectrometry (LMMS) for the structural characterization of thermolabile quaternary phosphonium salts has been evaluated. A comparison has been made between LM mass spectra obtained by direct analysis of "neat" organic salts and the corresponding "matrix-assisted" LM mass spectra. Main limitations of LMMS for the direct analysis of neat organic salts (i.e., no ma...

Ionic liquids are molten salts that have low melting points. This review concentrates upon eutectic mixtures of quaternary ammonium salts and metal salts (usually halides). These so-called eutectic based ionic liquids can be used for the electrodeposition and dissolution of a wide range of metals and alloys. The review highlights the technological challenges involved in the application of ionic...