We consider the design of forecasting competitions in which multiple forecasters make predictions about one or more independent events and compete for a single prize. We have two objectives: (1) to award the prize to the most accurate forecaster, and (2) to incentivize forecasters to report truthfully, so that forecasts are informative and forecasters need not spend any cognitive effort strateg...

We study the effects of randomness on competitions based on an elementary random process in which there is a finite probability that a weaker team upsets a stronger team. We apply this model to sports leagues and sports tournaments, and compare the theoretical results with empirical data. Our model shows that single-elimination tournaments are efficient but unfair: the number of games is propor...

We initiate the study of incentive-compatible forecasting competitions in which multiple forecasters make predictions about one or more events and compete for a single prize. have two objectives: (1) to incentivize report truthfully (2) award prize most accurate forecaster. Proper scoring rules truthful reporting if all are paid according their scores. However, incentives become distorted only ...

abstract physical injuries during taekwondo competitions often happen due to physical contacts during fighting; therefore, a training protocol was designed in line with the physiological stress of a real competition according to la, hr and rpe changes so that the athletes could perform the techniques with a pad instead of a real opponent. for this purpose, 12 professional taekwondo players from...

The judging procedure for Athenian dramatic contests is not well understood. In this paper, we present a new model that we believe takes account of all the relevant data, which possesses the additional virtue of clarity of execution, so that a large festival audience can easily follow the proceedings as the winner is determined publicly. It differs in certain important respects from other inter...

What do we want to learn from a translation competition and how do we learn it with confidence? We argue that a disproportionate focus on ranking competition participants has led to lots of different rankings, but little insight about which rankings we should trust. In response, we provide the first framework that allows an empirical comparison of different analyses of competition results. We t...

Relationships between buying and selling organizations in business markets are varied and complex. One important relationship is procurement, or the type of alliance that buyers form with sellers to fulfill their purchasing needs. Multiple sourcing is often proposed to prevent a variety ofprocurement problems. We develop a bidding model to investigate the effect of multiple sourcing on competit...

D esign competitions are becoming increasingly common , especially in the field of mobile robots. The sponsorship of such competitions ranges from local clubs of enthusiasts to large professional organizations , such as the American Association for Artificial Intelligence (AAAI), which sponsors the annual AAAI Mobile Robot Competition and Exhibition as part of their annual conference. Awards fo...