Strategies for driving white adipose tissue (WAT) to acquire brown-like characteristics are a promising approach to reduce obesity. Liraglutide has been reported to active brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis and WAT browning by rapid intracerebroventricular injection in mice. In this study, we investigated the effects and possible mechanisms of liraglutide on WAT browning by chronic treatm...

Received: December 28, 2013; Revised; January 25, 2014; Accepted: March 2, 2014 . Abstract: A major problem in the micro propagation of litchi is the secretion of polyphenols into the medium by the tissues once excised. This secretion undergoes oxidation to produce substances that kill the tissues. The first visual symptom of deterioration is skin browning which has been reported to appear due ...

There are two distinct types of adipose tissue which have different functions within the body, white (WAT) and brown (BAT). Browning of WAT occurs with increases in the WAT sympathetic nervous system (SNS) drive. In this regard we previously reported that melatonin (MEL) stimulation of MEL receptor 1A (MEL1a) within the SNS outflow to the WAT might be implicated in a naturally-occurring reversa...

Fuji apples may develop the physiological disorders core flush or flesh browning during cold storage in air (RA) or controlled atmosphere (CA) (Argenta et al., 2000). Core flush is a symptom of senescence characterized by yellow-brown discoloration in the core (Wilkinson and Fidler, 1973). In Fuji apples, flesh browning (Photo 1) resembles senescent breakdown because the diffuse, light brown di...

introduction iran is a frontier of pomegranate fruit production in the world (with almost 40 % of the world`s production). however due to traditional processing operations is not ranked as the largest pomegranate exporter. saveh, neyriz and ferdows are the top pomegranate producing cities in iran. pomegranate is consumed as a fresh fruit as well as processed product as food additive, paste, syr...

The canonical view about the effect of thyroid hormones (THs) on thermogenesis assumes that the hypothalamus acts merely as a modulator of the sympathetic outflow on brown adipose tissue (BAT). Recent data have challenged that vision by demonstrating that THs act on the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMH) to inhibit AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which regulates the thermogenic...

In terms of the quality of minimally processed fruit, flesh browning is fundamentally important in the development of an aesthetically unpleasant appearance, with consequent off-flavours. The development of browning depends on the enzymatic action of the polyphenol oxidase (PPO). In the 'Golden Delicious' apple genome ten PPO genes were initially identified and located on three main chromosomes...

In the research it was examined the changes in total phenolic contents and seven major phenolic compounds (gallic acids, +(−) catechin, catechol, Chlorogenic acid, o-coumaric acid, rutin and quercetin) of two litchi cultivars (Purbi and Bedana) shoot tips and fruits (for zygotic embryos) collected in different months, in order to determine their effects on the explants browning during establish...

Browning has been controlled by sulfur dioxide (SO2 ) in wine for many years, but other compounds also have the potential to reduce browning. Bentonite, Cufex and SO2 were applied to juice from Riesling grapes Vitis vinifera L. and Vidal grapes, a French-American Hybrid to compare their effects on wine browning. Seven treatments (control, 35 mg/L SO2, 70 mg/L SO2, 120 mg/L bentonite, 240 mg/L b...

The presence of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in human adults opens attractive perspectives to treat metabolic disorders. Indeed, BAT dissipates energy as heat via uncoupling protein (UCP)1. Brown adipocytes are located in specific deposits or can emerge among white fat through the so-called browning process. Although numerous inducers have been shown to drive this process, no study has investigat...