multiple diagnostic tools are used by emergency physicians, every day. in addition, new tools are evaluated to obtain more accurate methods and reduce time or cost of conventional ones. in the previous parts of this educational series, we described diagnostic performance characteristics of diagnostic tests including sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and likeliho...

We introduce a new smooth estimator of the ROC curve based on log-concave density estimates of the constituent distributions. We show that our estimate is asymptotically equivalent to the empirical ROC curve if the underlying densities are in fact log-concave. In addition, we empirically show that our proposed estimator exhibits an efficiency gain for finite sample sizes with respect to the sta...

BACKGROUND Modeling studies using hypothetical polygenic risk data can be an efficient tool for investigating the effectiveness of downstream applications such as targeting interventions to risk groups to justify whether empirical investigation is warranted. We investigated the assumptions underlying a method that simulates risk data for specific values of the area under the receiver operating ...

Two sensitive spectrophotometric methods are presented for the assay of Repaglinide in bulkdrug and in formulations using methyl orange, as reagents. Oxidant by reacting with a fixedamount of either methyl orange and measuring the absorbance at 485.2 nm (method-I) andmeasuring the absorbance at 618.9 nm (method-II). Developed method is based on the formationof extractable colored complex of dru...

We introduce the Skill Plot, a method that it is directly relevant to a decision maker who must use a diagnostic test. In contrast to ROC curves, the skill curve allows easy graphical inspection of the optimal cutoff or decision rule for a diagnostic test. The skill curve and test also determine whether diagnoses based on this cutoff improve upon a naive forecast (of always present or of always...

There are several conceptual definitions of resilience pertaining to environmental systems and, even if resilience is clearly defined in a particular context, it is challenging to quantify. We identify four characteristics of the response of a system function to disturbance that relate to "resilience": (1) degree of return of the function to a reference level; (2) time taken to reach a new quas...

BACKGROUND The Health and Retirement Study is a national sample of Americans older than 50 years and their spouses. The present study evaluated cross-sectional and longitudinal data from January 2000 through December 2006. The objective of the study was to evaluate the roles of spouse-rated vs self-rated health as predictors of all-cause mortality among adults older than 50 years. METHODS A t...