A water soluble, Bronsted acid, 5-sulfosalicylic acid as an efficient organocatalyst was used for the synthesis of physiologically active 2-substituted benzimidazole derivatives from o-phenylenediamine and aromatic aldehydes in ethanol at reflux condition. Cost-effectiveness, use of non-hazardous solvents, metal free and commercially available catalyst, single-step, environmentally fri...

Mt. Cameroon is one of the most active volcanoes in Africa and poses a possible threat to about half a million people in the area, yet knowledge of the volcano's underlying magma supply system is sparse. To characterize Mt. Cameroon's magma plumbing system, we employed mineral-melt equilibrium thermobarometry on the products of the volcano's two most recent eruptions of 1999 and 2000. Our resul...

a water soluble, bronsted acid, 5-sulfosalicylic acid as an efficient organocatalyst was used for the synthesis of physiologically active 2-substituted benzimidazole derivatives from o-phenylenediamine and aromatic aldehydes in ethanol at reflux condition. cost-effectiveness, use of non-hazardous solvents, metal free and commercially available catalyst, single-step, environmentally friendly gre...

[1] Characterizing the hydration state of the forearc mantle wedge yields valuable information on frictional stability at the downdip edge of subduction megathrusts. Simultaneous inversion of Pand S-wave arrival times collected as part of the Costa Rica Seismogenic Zone Experiment yields 1D and 3D Pand S-wave velocity models (VP and VS) for the Nicoya Peninsula segment of the Middle America Tre...

The Phanerozoic intracontinental Parnaíba Basin in northeast Brazil lies atop crust composed of Archaean to Mesoproterozoic cratonic blocks and Neoproterozoic mobile belts. Recently, active passive source geophysical surveys characterised the crustal structure beneath basin. We use information from published active-source seismic new, coincident receiver function (RF) data obtain Vp/Vs ratios f...

urban expansion and agriculture intensification are relevant drivers in land degradation (ld)processes in europe due to net loss of land, soil sealing, landscape fragmentation and other negative effects on the environment. this paper explores changes (or “trajectories” of change) in land use and cover (lulc) and their relationship with the consumption of soils in emilia-romagna (northern italy)...

a r t i c l e i n f o A classical problem in seismic tomography is the trade-off between a discontinuity location and the velocity of the medium. For that reason, crustal tomography and Pn tomography are typically done separately by isolating first-arriving Pg and Pn waves. Although this avoids the contamination of secondary arrivals because of the existence of the Moho, lots of good data are d...