appropriate management of soil phosphorus (p) fertility in highly calcareous soils of iran as around the world should rely upon sound knowledge about the phosphorus reserve and its bioavailability. despite numerous reports on the positive effects of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae (vam) fungi on phosphorus uptake which is associated to ectomycorrhiza as a branch of two major branches of group ...

Th ere have been several reports of symbionts in the roots of plants that live in aquatic environments. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are the most common microsymbionts and possibly recolonized the aquatic environment together with plants; however, their functions and the extent of their benefi ts are unclear. Furthermore, the presence of other groups of fungi, such as dark septate fungi (...

Inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi has often promoted increased growth of plants but very little work has been done in the tropics to evaluate the effects of inoculation on the establishment and development of seedlings in forests. Desmoncus orthacanthos Martius is a scandent palm present both in early and late succession, and consequently can be used in restoration processes. A...

Fungi interact directly with trees as biotrophs (obtaining nutrients from living cells/tissues) either parasites or mutualistic mycorrhizas, and as necrotrophs (obtaining nutrition from cells/tissues that they kill). Mycorrhizas are crucial to the health of the vast majority of plants in nature, supplying them with water and mineral nutrients, and protecting against root pathogens. Fungi affect...

The response of plants to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi involves a temporal and spatial activation of different defence mechanisms. The activation and regulation of these defences have been proposed to play a role in the maintenance of the mutualistic status of the association, however, how these defences affect the functioning and development of arbuscular mycorrhiza remains unclear. A number o...

Ericaceae are a group of plants with biotechnological and commercial importance. These establish symbiotic associations wide mycorrhizal fungi. National global studies have focused on two them: arbuscular endomycorrhizae ectomycorrhizae. The most recent type mycorrhiza recorded is the cavendishioid ectendomycorrhizae. one least-studied understood mycorrhizae, along monotropoid arbutoid mycorrhi...

Mycorrhiza is a mutualistic association between zone surrounding the root [2]. Although a lack in growth fungi and higher plants [1]. Different types of mycorrhizae response to VA-fungi inoculation in unsterilized soil was occur, distinguished by their morphology and to a also recorded, this result has been attributed to the fact certain extent, in their physiology. These include the that nativ...