Objectives: Cognitive apprenticeship learning focuses on improving understanding and clinical diagnostic reasoning among learners. The aim of this study was to describe the feasibility of cognitive apprenticeship encounters in clinical paediatric settings in terms of time consumption; and to describe the encounters in terms of learner and teacher behavior. Methods: This study was based on data ...

In recent years, the VET systems in Germany and Switzerland have been characterised by a shortage of training places which has created a fierce competition for those places among candidates. Nowadays, in Switzerland, almost one out of three school-leaving VET applicants has to wait at least 1 year until he or she secures a suitable place of apprenticeship. Furthermore, the dropout rate in appre...

Apprenticeship is an inherently social learning method with a long history of helping novices become experts in fields as diverse as midwifery, construction, and law. At the center of apprenticeship is the concept of more experienced people assisting less experienced ones, providing structure and examples to support the attainment of goals. Traditionally apprenticeship has been associated with ...

•We consider the problem of imitation learning where the examples, given by an expert, cover only a small part of a large state space. • Inverse Reinforcement Learning (IRL) provides an efficient tool for generalizing the partial demonstration, based on the assumption that the expert is maximizing an unknown utility function. • IRL consists in learning a reward function that explains the expert...

We propose a graph-based algorithm for apprenticeship learning when the reward features are noisy. Previous apprenticeship learning techniques learn a reward function by using only local state features. This can be a limitation in practice, as often some features are misspecified or subject to measurement noise. Our graphical framework, inspired from the work on Markov Random Fields, allows to ...

Much has been written already about whether the scientific machine is churning out too many PhDs and postdocs when there are a limited number of academic jobs and the competition for funding and space in competitive journals is intense. But gratifyingly, there exists a vast array of other scientific careers. We need to mentor and advise trainees about the diverse and rewarding professional oppo...

ABSTRACT COVID-19 led to the widespread withdrawal of face-to-face hospital-based clinical placements, with many medical schools switching online learning. This precipitated concern about potential negative impact on and interprofessional skill acquisition. To overcome this problem, we piloted a 12-week safe placement for 16 students at Hospital Tropical Diseases, London, during first wave pand...

This paper reports on a study in which computer science students interacted in a learning environment for object-oriented (oo) modeling. The learning environment used in this study support aspects such as reflection and authentic use of expert language and tools. The analysis focuses on students’ activities, the results of their activities, and on their interaction with each other and with the ...

Enhancing students’ problem-solving abilities has been recognized as an important and challenging issue for technology-enhanced learning. Thus, previous research has attempted to address this issue by developing various mechanisms, among which a cognitive apprenticeship model can particularly enhance students’ abilities. However, it is not clear whether such a mechanism is suitable for every le...