Variation among complete cytb sequences (1140 bp) of Aphanius mesopotamicus Coad, 2009 was compared with closely related species, to investigate the validity of this taxon as a newly-described tooth-carp based on morphological characteristics. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian likelihood trees supported the monophyly of A. mesopotamicus and its sister group relationship to A. sophiae. Some 10-16 ...

High mortality among laboratory cultured Iberian toothcarp Aphanius iberus occurred in February 1997 in Valencia (Spain). The main signs of the disease were external haemorrhage and tail rot. Bacteria isolated from internal organs of infected fish were biochemically homogeneous and identified as Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The bacteria were haemolytic against erythrocytes from eel Anguilla anguill...

We investigated the phylogenetic relationships of Pseudophoxinus (Cyprinidae: Leuciscinae) species from central Anatolia, Turkey to test the hypothesis of geographic speciation driven by early Pliocene orogenic events. We analyzed 1141 aligned base pairs of the complete cytochrome b mitochondrial gene. Phylogenetic relationships reconstructed by maximum likelihood, Bayesian likelihood, and maxi...

Specimens of the euryhaline cyprinodontid fish, Aphanius dispar, collected in salt ponds, were acclimated to salinities of <1 (freshwater), 35 (seawater), 70, 105, and 140 ppt for 4 wk before measurement of oxygen consumption, critical swimming speed, and routine activity level. Oxygen consumption was similar in <1, 35, and 70 ppt (0.18+/-0.07, 0.17+/-0.06, and 0.16+/-0.04 mL h(-1) g(-1), respe...

The superior manoeuvrability of hummingbirds emerges from complex interactions of specialized neural and physiological processes with the unique flight dynamics of flapping wings. Escape manoeuvring is an ecologically relevant, natural behaviour of hummingbirds, from which we can gain understanding into the functional limits of vertebrate locomotor capacity. Here, we extend our kinematic analys...