The management of dental patients taking either antiplatelet medication, anticoagulant medication or both has been well established in the previous literature. Recently, new generations of drugs have emerged which are becoming increasingly common, including direct thrombin inhibitors, factor X inhibitors and a new class of oral thienopyridines. The implications of these drugs for the dental sur...

Direct thrombin inhibitors (DTI) are emerging as alternative anticoagulants to unfractionated heparin and indirect thrombin inhibitors in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We review the pharmacological properties of these newer antithrombotic agents and evaluate the clinical data demonstrating their use in patients undergoing PCI.

The spatiotemporal dynamics of clot growth was studied in non-stirred non-recalcified plasma where thrombin entered by diffusion. Under these conditions, the clot rapidly grew for 30-45 min and then stopped growing on reaching 0.4-0.5 mm in size. The dynamics of clot growth and its size almost did not depend on the thrombin concentration in the range from 50 to 400 nM. FITC-thrombin was shown t...

The distribution of heparin between thrombin and antithrombin III in solutions containing both proteins has been calculated using a heparin-thrombin dissociation constant value, KgssMT, of 1.5 X lo-’ M and a heparin-antithrombin III dissociation constant value, KEgsMAT, of 2.0 x lo-’ M. The enhancing effect of heparin on the antithrombin III/thrombin reaction rate appeared to correlate with the...

As the pivotal phase III randomized controlled clinical trial on antithrombin concentrate in patients with severe sepsis did not show a beneficial effect of antithrombin treatment on 28-day mortality, the interest in the potential use of this treatment modality in sepsis has diminished. However, recent data on the effect of antithrombin administration on coagulation in combination with recent a...

Spectrophotometric heparin assays which are based on the catalytic effect of heparin on either the inactivation of thrombin or that of factor Xa by antithrombin III, were adapted for use in a laboratory batch analyzer. Optimal conditions were determined for assays using the chromogenic substrates Chromozym-Th and S-2238 with thrombin, and S-2222 with factor Xa. Inactivation of the clotting enzy...

At the end of World War I, British medical officers noted that soldiers infected with malaria were more likely to die during the 1918 influenza pandemic than those without malaria. This synergistic mortality appeared to be specific to Plasmodium falciparum and has not been generally noted since 1920. A possible explanation is that a malaria-induced procoagulant state enhanced the activation of ...

OBJECTIVE To determine the best anticoagulation strategy for the patients who underwent splenectomy with cirrhosis through network meta-analysis. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of the literature in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library database. We extracted data on incidence of Portal vein system thrombosis (PVST) from studies that compared various anticoagulation strategies for...

Abrams, A., Kegeles, G. & Hottle, G. A. (1946). J. biol. Chem. 164, 63. Balls, A. K. & Lineweaver, H. (1939). J. biol. Chem. 130, 669. Bronfenbrenner, J. J. & Schlesinger, M. J. (1924). J. exp. Med. 39, 509. Buehler, H. J., Schantz, E. J. & Lamanna, C. (1947). J. biol. Chem. 169, 295. Chistyakov, F. M. & Rodopulo, A. R. (1943). J. Microbiol., Mo8cov, no. 9, 88 in Chem. Abstr. 39, 3323. Dowmont,...

The kinetics of the heparin-dependent antithrombin/protease reaction were consistent with an ordered sequential two-substrate reaction model under all circumstances tested. In this model, heparin is the catalyst; while antithrombin is the first substrate and the protease is the second substrate. The first step in this reaction, the heparin-antithrombin interaction, has a KD of 25 nM but a diffu...