Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), by definition is a heterogeneous, multifactorial, polygenic syndrome which results from insulin receptor dysfunction. It is an outcome of oxidative stress caused by interactions of reactive metabolites (RMs) interactions with lipids, proteins and other mechanisms of human body. Production of RMs mainly superoxide (O2(-)) has been found in a variety of predominat...

salicylic acid (sa) is considered to be plant signal molecule that plays a key role in plant growth, development, and defense responses. the physiological mechanism of exogenous sa to affect the senescence of cut lisianthus flowers during vase life was investigated. fresh cut lisianthus flowers were treated with distilled water (control), 0.5, 1 and 2 mm sa and then held at 25◦c up to 12 days. ...

The relationship between exogenous melatonin applied into cucumber seeds during osmopriming and modifications of their antioxidant defense was studied. Accumulation of hydrogen peroxide, antioxidant enzyme activities and glutathione pool were investigated in embryonic axes isolated from the control, osmoprimed, and osmoprimed with melatonin seeds. Germinating cucumber seeds are very sensitive t...

BACKGROUND: Cancer cachexia is the progressive loss of skeletal muscle protein that contributes significantly to cancer morbidity and mortality. Evidence of antioxidant attenuation and the presence of oxidised proteins in patients with cancer cachexia indicate a role for oxidative stress. The level of oxidative stress in tissues is determined by an imbalance between reactive oxygen species prod...

In many diseases, including progressive renal disorders, tissue injury and pathological intracellular signaling events are dependent on oxidative stress. Glutathione peroxidase-1 (Gpx1) is an antioxidant enzyme that is highly expressed in the kidney and removes peroxides and peroxynitrite that can cause renal damage. Therefore, we examined whether this abundant renal antioxidant enzyme limits r...

Abstract In laboratory experiments with resting and germinated seeds of spring wheat, the effect various biological preparations on activity catalase isoforms was studied. experiments, determined at pH = 5.5, 7.0, 8.0 using a phosphate buffer system (1/15 M buffer). The enzyme in dormant wheat grain that underwent post-harvest ripening during germination third, fifth, seventh days method based ...

THE microsomal enzyme heme oxygenase (HO; EC 1.14.99.3) catalyzes the oxidation of heme to biliverdinIXa, iron, and carbon monoxide. So far, three isoforms of this enzyme have been cloned. While HO-2 and HO-3 are constitutively expressed, HO-1 is highly inducible in response to a variety of stimuli and has been identified as the major 32-kd heat shock (stress) protein (HSP) 32. Heme oxygenase–1...

Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene expresses a calcium calmudolin-independent enzyme which can catalyse NO production from L-arginine. The induction of iNOS activity has been demonstrated in a wide variety of cell types under stimulation with cytokines and lipopoly saccharide (LPS). Previous studies indicated that all nitric oxide synthases (NOS) activated in human umbilical vein endot...