Monoclonal antibodies reactive with B cell-specific differentiation and other antigens were used to investigate stages of B cell maturation in human lymphoid tissue, using an immunoperoxidase technique on frozen tissue sections. Lymphoid follicles, which represent the major anatomic compartment of B cells, demonstrated cellular antigenic expressions that appear to reflect differentiation of B c...

New World monkeys (NWMs) occupy a critical phylogenetic position in elucidating the evolutionary process of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I genes in primates. From three subfamilies of Aotinae, Cebinae, and Atelinae, the 5'-flanking regions of 18 class I genes are obtained and phylogenetically examined in terms of Alu/LINE insertion elements as well as the nucleotide substitution...

Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) strains of human and avian origin show similarities that suggest that the avian strains potentially have zoonotic properties. However, the phylogenetic relationships between avian and human ExPEC strains are poorly documented, so this possibility is difficult to assess. We used PCR-based phylotyping and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) to det...

Discovering genetic biomarkers associated with disease resistance and enhanced immunity is critical to developing advanced strategies for controlling viral and bacterial infections in different species. Macrophages, important cells of innate immunity, are directly involved in cellular interactions with pathogens, the release of cytokines activating other immune cells and antigen presentation to...

We compared clodronate with placebo administration in 42 primarily or secondarily hormone-refractory prostate cancer patients with skeletal metastases and persisting pain. Serum total alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone ALP isoforms, osteocalcin, cross-linked carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen, and prostate-specific antigen were analyzed before and after 1 month of treatment. Six ALP ...

This paper describes a method for merging behavior specifications modeled by transition systems. Given two behavior specifications B1 and B2, Merge(B1, B2) defines a new behavior specification that extends B1 and B2. Moreover, provided that a necessary and sufficient condition holds, Merge(B1, B2) is a cyclic extension of B1 and B2. In other words, Merge(B1, B2) extends B1 and B2, and any cycli...

Dendritic cells (DC) capture immune complexes (IC) via Fc receptors for immunoglobulin G FcgammaRII and elicit antigen presentation and protective antitumoral immune response in mice. Two protocols are commonly used to differentiate human monocyte-derived DC in vitro. They associate granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (CM-CSF) with interleukin (IL)-4 or IL-13. In this study, we fir...

12. Let ax + by = 0, a, b ∈ R and a + b 6= 0 be a fixed line in R through the origin. We know u = ( −b √ a2+b2 , a √ a2+b2 ) is a point on line ax + by = 0 and v = ( a √ a2+b2 , b √ a2+b2 ) is a unit vector orthogonal to ( −b √ a2+b2 , a √ a2+b2 ). Thus the set B = {( −b √ a2+b2 , a √ a2+b2 ), ( a √ a2+b2 , b √ a2+b2 )} is an orthonormal basis for R. To find the reflection T (x, y) of (x, y) wi...

The expression of early and mature B cell markers, surface beta 2-microglobulin (B2M) and cytoplasmic immunoglobulin (clg) by aneuploid tumor cells in bone marrow aspirates from 44 patients with multiple myeloma was evaluated by correlated DNA immunofluorescence flow cytometry. Myeloma tumor cells of almost 90% of the patients contained monoclonal clg and expressed the mature plasma cell antige...

Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) is essential for metabolic functions and is synthesized by many bacteria, yeast, and plants, but not by mammals and other animals, which must acquire it from the diet. In mammals, modified pyrimidine intermediates from the microbial biosynthesis of riboflavin are recognized as signature biomarkers of microbial infection. This recognition occurs by specialized lymphocytes...