Antibiotics were initially viewed as "wonder drugs" primarily because they were introduced at a time when only surgical drainage or spontaneous cures were available to treat serious bacterial infections. During the five or six decades since their introduction, several classes of these drugs became available including sulfonamides and trimethoprim, penicillins, cephalosporins, chloramphenicol, t...

antibiotic resistance in shigella species has been showing a rising trend all over the world. this study was performed to discover the state of antibiotic resistance of shigella species with regards to six common antibiotics in use in iran.

Antibiotic prophylaxis has afforded the surgeon an advantage to operate in a potentially contaminated field and, in most instances, allowed the patient to escape the morbidity of infection. However, the surgeon has taken the liberty to use antibiotics for prophylaxis in operative procedures for which such a use has not been substantiated. This reliance on antibiotic prophylaxis for procedures o...

No Belgian data is available on antibiotic use in different species as many antibiotic products sold to veterinarians and pharmacies can be used in different species. In order to get data on species use and actual usage data, a new online tool for collecting this data has developed and launched by the “Agence Fédérale des Medicaments et des Produits de Santé” [2]. During 2016 veterinarians pres...

background : the use of antibiotic prior to surgery is widely accepted. the who has recommended the use of atc/ddd (anatomical therapeutic chemical / defined daily dose) for the analysis of drug utilization.the aims of the present study are 1) to analyze the assessment of prophylactic antibiotic usage prior to surgery, 2) to assess the drug administration based on antibiograms and 3) to compare...