Epilepsy is a neurological disease arising from abnormal and uncontrollable electrical firings of a group of neurons appearing in the central nervous system. Experimental epilepsy models have been developed to assess the pathophysiology of epileptic seizures and to search for new effective anti-epileptic drugs. This chapter is designed to describe characteristics of experimental epilepsy models...

Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are angiographically occult and consist of a honeycomb-like, low-pressure bed of ectatic vasculature with no intervening neural tissue. Although most cases are sporadic, there are several familial forms. A hemosiderin rim frequently exists from repeated microhemorrhage, leading to reactive cortical gliosis. Because there are no neurons within a cavernous ...

backgroundabout 15 to 40% of children with seizures are refractory to standard anti-epileptic drugs and for such patients, other treatments such as surgery and the ketogenic diet can reduce seizure frequency. melatonin is a natural pineal gland hormone. the use of melatonin for controlling pediatric seizures is still controversial. this study aimed to evaluate the effect of melatonin on seizure...

The usage of dietary supplements and other natural products to treat neurological diseases has been growing over time, and accumulating evidence suggests that flavonoids possess anticonvulsant properties. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a flavonoid-rich extract from orange juice (OJe) in some rodent models of epilepsy and to explore its possible mechanism of action. The gene...

This review reports on the past, current and potential future developments in aspects of the ketogenic diet in epilepsy treatment for children who have refractory epilepsy (uncontrolled seizures after having tried at least two anti-epileptic drugs). The ketogenic diet is based on putting the body into ketosis, so that is uses ketones rather than glucose for the energy in the brain. The diet com...

Epilepsy is the most common serious neurological disorder in world. Despite medical and surgical treatment, many individuals continue to have seizures, suggesting adjunctive management strategies are required. Promising effects of daily listening Mozart K.448 on reducing seizure frequency with epilepsy been demonstrated. In our recent randomized control study, we reported positive effect seizur...

Abstract Epilepsy is a neurological disease characterized by excessive and abnormal hyper-synchrony of electrical discharges the brain predisposition to generate epileptic seizures resulting in broad spectrum neurobiological insults, imposing psychological, cognitive, social also economic burdens sufferer. Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) are essential for generation propagation action pot...