BACKGROUND The amount of medial compartment opening for medial knee injuries determined by valgus stress radiography has not been well documented. The purpose of this study was to develop clinical guidelines for diagnosing medial knee injuries using valgus stress radiography. HYPOTHESIS Measurements of medial compartment gapping can accurately differentiate between normal and injured medial s...

On the basis of earlier reported data on the in vitro kinematics of passive knee-joint motions of four knee specimens, the length changes of ligament fiber bundles were determined by using the points of insertion on the tibia and femur. The kinematic data and the insertions of the ligaments were obtained by using Roentgenstereophotogrammetry. Different fiber bundles of the anterior and posterio...

CONTEXT There exists controversy on the ability of a single or double anterior cruciate ligament graft technique to restore anterior cruciate ligament function. This article examines the published experimental and clinical data supporting these surgical procedures in the ability to restore knee stability. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION An analysis of anterior cruciate ligament function and single- and ...

The stress-tenogram is a radiological technique for the investigation of injuries to the lateral ligament of the ankle, and combines the information previously provided by inversion and anterior stress radiographs, and the peroneal tenogram. It is designed to differentiate between stable and unstable ankles, and between isolated ruptures of the anterior talofibular ligament and combined tears o...

BACKGROUND Abdominoplasty is one of the most common aesthetic procedures performed in the United States. While poor contour and unsatisfactory cosmetic result have been recognized, neuropathic pain from lateral femoral cutaneous nerve injury has been poorly described. We aim to improve outcomes by using an anatomical study to develop a strategy to avoid injury to the lateral femoral cutaneous n...

Nineteen patients with roof impingement of an anterior cruciate ligament graft had their grafts inspected during second-look arthroscopy. The diagnosis of roof impingement was suspected from the clinical findings of an effusion, extension deficit, recurrent instability, or anterior knee pain. The diagnosis was confirmed when a portion of the tibial tunnel was anterior to the tibial intersection...

OBJECTIVE Define a security zone to avoid possibles vascular and ligamentar complications during anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. METHODS Arthroscopic reconstruction using the transtibial and transportal technique in cadaver knees was performed followed by dissection and measurement of the distance between the femoral tunnel and the proximal attachment of the lateral collateral liga...

BACKGROUND Although there is evidence that very active, young patients are better served with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, there is a lack of objective data demonstrating that future knee injury is prevented by these procedures. HYPOTHESIS Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction protects against reinjury of the knee that would require reoperation. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective ...

Meniscal injury has been well documented in association with injury to the anterior cruciate ligament. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of anterior cruciate ligament transection and reconstruction on meniscal strain. Four differential variable reluctance transducer strain gauges were placed in the medial and lateral menisci of nine cadaveric knees. Each specimen was mounted ...

ANATOMY: The medial collateral ligament (MCL) is one of four major ligaments that supports the knee and is the primary static stabilizer against valgus rotation of the joint. It consists of two components, the superficial (sMCL) and deep MCL (dMCL). The sMCL has one femoral and two tibial attachments. The femoral attachment is situated on the medial epicondyle. The proximal attachment blends in...