This report is a review of the literature on oil spill dispersants published from 1997 to August, 2008. The report identifies and focusses on recent advances in dispersant effectiveness, toxicity, and biodegradation. Other topics such as application, use, behaviour and fate are also covered. The prime motivation for using dispersants is to reduce the impact of oil on shorelines, thus the applic...

Abstract Nanocellulose has emerged as a promising green dispersant for carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and there is an increasing trend in developing nanocellulose/CNT hybrid materials electrochemical detection of various small molecules. However, have been very few comprehensive studies investigating the role nanocellulosic material properties upon electroanalytical performance resultant electrodes. ...

Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are found throughout the universe. The ubiquity of these organic molecules means that they considerable interest in context cosmic dust, which typically travels at hypervelocities (>1 km s–1) within our solar system. However, studying such fast-moving micrometer-sized particles laboratory-based experiments requires suitable synthetic mimics. Herein, we use ball-...

A peptide aptamer, which was originally identified by affinity screening for hyperbranched poly(phenylene vinylene) (hypPPV), functioned as an excellent dispersant for hypPPV nanoparticle formation.

Acute catastrophic events can cause significant damage to marine environments in a short time period and may have devastating long-term impacts. In April 2010 the BP-operated Deepwater Horizon (DWH) offshore oil rig exploded, releasing an estimated 760 million liters of crude oil into the Gulf of Mexico. This study examines the potential effects of oil spill exposure on coral larvae of the Flor...

Highly pure and well-dispersed yttria nanocrystalline powders were synthesized with a modified coprecipitation method that uses mixed ammonium hydroxide-carbonate solution as the precipitant poly acrylic acid (PAA) dispersant. Comparing using same route but without PAA dispersant, PAA-assisted exhibit lower level of agglomeration better sinterability. Sintering trajectories dispersant investiga...

Antimony sulfide (Sb2S3) has been applied in photoelectric devices for a long time. However, there was lack of information about Sb2S3 quantum dots (QDs) because of the synthesis difficulties. To fill this vacancy, water-soluble Sb2S3 QDs were prepared by hot injection using hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) mixture as anionic-cationic surfactant, alkano...

laboratory-scale experiments were conducted to evaluate the joint action toxicity and biochemicaleffects of sublethal concentrations of forcados light crude oil (flco) and three dispersants against clariasgariepinus over a period of 28 days. the derived 96hrlc50 values revealed that the dispersant, ds/tt/066(0.03ml/l) was the most toxic, followed by dispersant, oc/tt/osi (0.19ml/l), flco (5.06m...