This paper examines the problem with the lack of standardization through which orientation sensors are evaluated. An orientation sensor is a device for measuring physical orientation, and has many uses including navigation, virtual reality, augmented reality, human-computer interface, and robotic systems. We are specifically concerned with 3-axis sensors implemented on the microelectromechanica...

We have analysed angular distributions of the photoelectron yields arising from strong-field ionization of diatomic and polyatomic linear molecules using a leading-order intense-field S-matrix theory. For molecules with active π electrons the distribution is found to strongly depend on the degree of molecular alignment, showing a nodal minimum along the laser polarization direction as a charact...

This paper presents an extended Kalman filter for real-time estimation of rigid body orientation using the newly developed MARG (Magnetic, Angular Rate, and Gravity) sensors. Each MARG sensor contains a three-axis magnetometer, a three-axis angular rate sensor, and a three-axis accelerometer. The filter represents rotations using quaternions rather than Euler angles, which eliminates the long-s...