public accountability is a sign of modern and democratic administration. accountability has become a topic of concern in governance literature. the question of holding politicians and administration accountable in new governance environment, where many traditional means for controlling government have been no longer fully applied, has gained wide recognition. as a consequence, new types of acco...

Abstract Rare earth metal cerium-doped titania nanoparticles (titanium dioxide [TiO 2 ]) were produced utilizing a low-cost and straightforward sol–gel technique, its enhanced photodynamic anticancer activity was tested on Y79 retinoblastoma cancer cells. The structural, optical, morphological, activity, cytotoxicity of pure TiO (Ce-doped ) investigated. In X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements,...

many procedures suggest for reduction of responses of riser to vortex induced vibrations (viv). natural frequencies of marine risers is an important parameter that can affect the responses of riser to viv. change of riser properties such as top tension and bending stiffness can alter natural frequencies. in this study effects of riser specifications on the responses and fatigue damage of marine...

No organism lives in a constant environment. Based on classical studies in molecular biology, many have viewed microbes as following strict rules for shifting their metabolic activities when prevailing conditions change. For example, students learn that the bacterium Escherichia coli makes proteins for digesting lactose only when lactose is available and glucose, a better sugar, is not. However...

This paper presents a three-phase 12-pulse phasecontrolled rectifier with unity displacement factor, low line current harmonic content, two quadrant operation and absence of phase shifting transformer. The circuit is composed by two three-phase 6-pulse rectifiers parallel connected by four balancing reactors. One is a conventional thyristor rectifier with a lag firing angle (a). The other is an...

background: abnormal angulation of the lunate can be an indication of intercarpal pathology. on magnetic resonance images (mris) the lunate often looks dorsally angulated, even in healthy wrists. the tilt on individual slices can also be different and might be misinterpreted as pathological, contributing to inaccurate diagnoses and unnecessary surgery. the primary aim of this study was to deter...

conclusions although some of the orthopedic surgeons are not interested to manage these fractures surgically and most of them treat these cases conservatively (casting, etc.), in most displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures, surgical treatment is the method of choice. moreover, in non-surgical treatment the prevalence of these complications among the patients is more and as a result, inev...

Scalar diffraction theory is frequently considered inadequate for predicting diffraction efficiencies for grating applications where lambda/d>0.1. It has also been stated that scalar theory imposes energy upon the evanescent diffracted orders. These notions, as well as several other common misconceptions, are driven more by an unnecessary paraxial approximation in the traditional Fourier treatm...

A new four-step phase-shifting method for birefringence measurement based on the plane polariscope is proposed. The plane polariscope to carry this phase-shifting method is characterized by triple polarizers. One fixed polarizer is used as a linearly polarized state generator; the other two rotatable linear polarizers act as phase shifters. The measurement ranges are (0, π) for phase retardatio...