Evidence based guidelines for the neonatal transfusions are still emerging. It is always a conundrum for a pediatrician, to decide when to give packed red blood cells to a growing premature infant with or without signs and symptoms of chronic neonatal anemia. It is further complicated, as some of that clinical picture can be explained by co-morbidities like neonatal sepsis, apnea of prematurity...

adolescents and young adults can have negative effects on their cognitive performance and growth. If pregnancy occurs during adolescence, anemia can not only increase maternal morbidity and mortality, but increase the incidence of poor birth outcomes in the infant (e.g., low birth weight, and prematurity) and also negatively impact infant iron status. Furthermore, through its effects on cogniti...

purpose: to study the effects of adding intravitreal bevacizumab (avastin) to conventional laser treatment on regression of retinal neovascularization in threshold rop. methods: intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (1.25 mg) in one eye of each of three newborns with threshold rop was performed in addition to laser treatment. the other eye of each patient was treated with laser alone. changes i...

Apnea of prematurity (AOP) is one of the most frequent pathologies in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, with an incidence inversely related to gestational age. Its etiology is often multi factorial and diagnosis of idiopathic forms requires exclusion of other underlying diseases. Despite being a selflimiting condition which regresses with the maturation of the newborn, possible long-term effect...

BACKGROUND Apnea of prematurity (AOP) is a common complication of preterm birth, for which caffeine is the first treatment of choice. In case of persistent AOP, doxapram has been advocated as an additional therapy. OBJECTIVE To identify and appraise all existing evidence regarding efficacy and safety of doxapram use for AOP in infants born before 34 weeks of gestational age. METHODS All stu...

This review summarizes the current thinking about the causes of anemia universally experienced by preterm infants in the early postnatal weeks. In addition to describing developmentally determined physiologic processes contributing to anemia of prematurity, this review discusses clinically important nonphysiologic contributors to anemia experienced by preterm infants during the neonatal period....

In the last several decades, the incidence of prematurity in the United States has remained relatively constant at approximately 10%. Maternal risk factors for prematurity include absence of prenatal care, low socioeconomic status, tobacco abuse, poor nutrition, and genitourinary tract infections, to name only a few. Despite relatively constant rates of prematurity, perinatal mortality rates ha...